Items tagged “hip”
53 results found
Article
Ficat and Arlet classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head
The Ficat and Arlet classification uses a combination of plain radiographs, MRI, and clinical features to stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Classification
stage 0
plain radiograph: normal
MRI: normal
clinical symptoms: nil
stage I
plain radiograph: normal or minor osteopenia
MRI: ...
Article
Transient osteoporosis of the hip
Transient osteoporosis of the hip, also known as (transient) bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip, is a self-limiting clinical entity of unknown cause, although almost certainly a vascular basis and possible overactivity of the sympathetic system exists. It presents a synonym of the subchondral...
Article
Perthes disease
Perthes disease, also known as Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, refers to idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral epiphysis seen in children. It should not be confused with Perthes lesion of the shoulder.
It is a diagnosis of exclusion and other causes of osteonecrosis (including sickle cell disease...
Article
Synovial herniation pit
Synovial herniation pits, also known as Pitt pits or the descriptor fibrocystic changes at the anterosuperior femoral neck, are a common, usually incidental, finding on imaging.
Epidemiology
Prevalence on x-rays of normal adults is ~5% (range 4-12%) 3.
Associations
cam morphology FAI: occur ...
Article
Shenton line
Shenton line is an imaginary curved line drawn along the inferior border of the superior pubic ramus (superior border of the obturator foramen) and along the inferomedial border of the neck of femur. This line should be continuous and smooth1.
Interruption of the Shenton line can indicate (in...
Article
Slipped upper femoral epiphysis
Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE), also known as a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), (plural: epiphyses) is a relatively common condition affecting the physis of the proximal femur in adolescents. It is one of the commonest hip abnormalities in adolescence and is bilateral in 20-40%...
Article
Ultrasound of the hip (adult)
There are several approaches to ultrasound examination of the adult hip.
Anterior approach
Patient positioning
supine with the hip in mild external rotation
Planes
sagittal oblique plane parallel to the long axis of the femoral neck to assess femoral head and neck and for any joint ef...
Article
Graf method for ultrasound classification of developmental dysplasia of the hip
The Graf method for ultrasound classification system for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants describes both alpha and beta angles.
As a general rule, the alpha angle determines the type, and the beta angle determines the subtype. The angle is formed by the acetabular roof to the...
Article
Alpha angle (developmental dysplasia of the hip)
The alpha angle is a measurement used in the ultrasonographic assessment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
Terminology
The term alpha angle is also used in a separate and unrelated context in the evaluation of femoroacetabular impingement.
Measurement
The angle is formed by the ac...
Article
Beta angle (developmental dysplasia of the hip)
The beta angle is a measurement used in the ultrasonographic assessment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
Measurement
The angle is formed by the cartilaginous roof to the vertical cortex of the ilium and thus reflects the femoral head cartilaginous coverage
Technique for drawing th...
Article
Piriformis muscle
The piriformis muscle is a muscle of the posterior pelvic wall and gluteal region of the lower limb. It is an important anatomical landmark.
Summary
origin: anterolateral surface of the sacrum
course: exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen
insertion: greater trochanter of the ...
Article
Osteoarthritis of the hip (grading)
Osteoarthritis of the hip can be graded according to its severity.
Classification
Plain radiograph
Different grading schemes are described for plain radiographs of the hip:
grade 0: normal
grade 1: possible joint space narrowing and subtle osteophytes
grade 2: definite joint space narrowin...
Article
Waldenström classification of Perthes disease
The Waldenström classification of Perthes disease refers to x-ray abnormalities and represents four temporal phases of the disease. These stages have been further subdivided in the modified Elizabethtown classification 2.
stage I: early
asymmetric femoral epiphyseal size (smaller on the affect...
Article
Crescent sign (osteonecrosis)
The crescent sign refers to a linear cleft due to a subchondral fracture in the setting of osteonecrosis.
It was originally described as a radiographic finding, however, it can also be seen on cross-sectional imaging.
In the setting of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, it heralds the beginning of th...
Article
Acetabular labrum
Acetabular labrum acts to deepen the acetabulum and increase contact between the pelvis and the femoral head. Its exact biomechanical role remains to be fully elucidated.
Gross anatomy
The acetabular labrum is a C-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure with an opening anteroinferiorly at the site...
Article
Perilabral sulcus
The perilabral sulcus is a physiological space between the acetabular labrum and capsule of the hip joint, which inserts next to the base of the labrum and is therefore intra-articular.
Superiorly the capsule's attachment is displaced from the labrum by a few millimeters and thus the sulcus is ...
Article
Transverse ligament of the hip
The transverse ligament of the hip bridges the acetabular notch (located anteroinferiorly along the margin of the acetabulum) and joins the two ends of the acetabular labrum, thus forming a complete ring. Beneath it (through the acetabular foramen) pass nutrient vessels which enter the ligamentu...
Article
Acetabular notch
The acetabular notch is a depression in the margin of the acetabulum located anteroinferiorly. It is bridged by the transverse ligament, and thus forms the acetabular foramen. The ligamentum teres has part of its origin from the acetabular notch.
Article
Acetabular foramen
The acetabular foramen is formed by the bony margins of the acetabular notch and completed by the transverse ligament of the hip. From its margins (both transverse ligament and acetabular notch) arises the ligamentum teres. Through it pass nutrient vessels to the femoral head epiphysis.
Article
Ligamentum teres of the hip
The ligamentum teres, also known as the ligamentum capitis femoris or round ligament of the hip, is an intra-articular ligament within the medial hip joint.
Gross anatomy
The ligament passes from the transverse ligament and acetabular notch of the acetabulum to the femoral head where it insert...