Items tagged “iatrogenic”
16 results found
Article
Radiation-induced meningiomas
Radiation-induced meningiomas are more frequently multiple and have a very long latency period. Meningiomas are a much more frequent complication of radiation exposure compared to sarcomas or gliomas.
Epidemiology
The exact incidence of radiation-induced meningiomas is unknown; one study had a...
Article
Contrast media extravasation
Contrast media extravasation (CMEV) refers to the leakage of intravenously-administered contrast media from the normal intravascular compartment into surrounding soft tissues; it is a well-known complication of contrast-enhanced CT. It can also occur in MRI, but the complications are rare given ...
Article
Osteoradionecrosis
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) refers to a severe delayed radiation-induced injury and is characterized by bone tissue necrosis and failure in healing.
Terminology
There is some overlap with the terms radiation osteitis and radio-osteonecrosis. The condition most often occurs after radiotherapy and...
Article
Iodinated contrast-induced thyrotoxicosis
Iodinated contrast-induced thyrotoxicosis is rare and may occur in patients with pre-existing thyroid disease and through complications of thyrotoxicosis (e.g. cardiac arrhythmia) may be fatal. Patients with a normal thyroid gland are unaffected.
Patients with existing thyrotoxicosis should no...
Article
Buried bumper syndrome
Buried bumper syndrome is a rare but important complication in patients with a percutaneous gastrostomy (PEG) tube, occurring by migration of the internal bumper along its track. The tube may get lodged anywhere between the gastric wall and the skin and lead to life-threatening complications tha...
Article
Radiation-induced glioma
Radiation-induced gliomas are a rare complication of cranial irradiation, occurring in less than 3% of cases 15 years post-treatment. Glioblastomas correspond to three-quarters of all radiation-induced gliomas.
The risk of developing a secondary CNS cancer following radiation exposure has been...
Article
Intestinal angioedema
Intestinal angioedema, also known as bowel angioedema, is edema into the submucosal space of the bowel wall following protein extravasation from "leaky" vessels. It can affect both the small and large bowel.
Clinical presentation
Patients often present with non-specific findings of abdominal p...
Article
Failed back syndrome
Failed back syndrome refers to persistent leg and/or lumbar back pain after a surgical procedure. The pathophysiology of this syndrome is complex, as often the operation was technically successful.
Terminology
Other names for failed back syndrome include failed back surgery syndrome, post-lam...
Article
Barium peritonitis
Barium peritonitis is a rare complication of gastrointestinal barium studies, and occurs when there is gastrointestinal tract perforation and spillage of barium contrast agent into the peritoneal cavity resulting in peritonitis, granuloma and stone formation 1.
Pathology
Barium sulfate in the ...
Article
Infusothorax
Infusothorax (plural: infusothoraces), also known as a chemothorax, is a complication of central venous catheter malposition where the catheter tip is located in the pleural space and the infusion of the fluid collects inadvertently in the pleural space in the form of a pleural effusion. Longer ...
Article
Complications post optical colonoscopy
Complications post optical colonoscopy are most commonly assessed by CT if patients present with abdominal symptoms post colonoscopy. Complications include:
bowel perforation (most common)
pneumoperitoneum
pneumoretroperitoneum
pneumomediastinum
pneumothorax
lower gast...
Article
Radiation-induced lung cancer
Radiation-induced lung cancers are a potential long-term complication of radiotherapy to the chest.
Besides lung cancer, sarcomas (osteosarcomas are the most common arising from the irradiated bones, and malignant fibrous histiocytomas the most frequently arising from the soft tissues), breast...
Article
Catheter-associated mass
Catheter-associated mass, also known as catheter tip granuloma, is a relatively rare complication related to an intrathecal catheter.
Terminology
Although the term catheter tip granuloma is commonly found in the literature, some favor the more general term catheter-associated mass as they actu...
Article
Postoperative free intraperitoneal gas
Postoperative free intraperitoneal gas refers to the presence of gas in the peritoneal cavity following a surgical procedure and may result from open or laparoscopic surgical techniques.
Terminology
Postoperative free intraperitoneal gas is also referred to as postoperative pneumoperitoneum 1....
Article
Barolith
A barolith consists of inspissated barium sulfate associated with feces seen rarely, after barium studies for imaging the gastrointestinal tract. Since barium sulfate is insoluble, it can in rare cases precipitate in the bowel, sometimes becoming symptomatic with a significant delay (from few we...
Article
Post-polypectomy coagulation syndrome
Post-polypectomy coagulation syndrome occurs during a colonoscopic polypectomy procedure when electrocoagulation injury causes a transmural burn to the colon without radiographic evidence of perforation 1,2.
Terminology
Post-polypectomy coagulation syndrome is also known as post-polypectomy ...
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