Items tagged “inner ear”
11 results found
Article
Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis, also known as otospongiosis, is a primary osteodystrophy of the otic capsule (bony labyrinth of the inner ear). It is one of the leading causes of deafness in adults.
Terminology
The term otosclerosis is somewhat of a misnomer. Much of the clinical course is characterized by luce...
Article
Cochlear implant
Cochlear implants (CI) are surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing. Unlike conventional hearing aids, the cochlear implant does not amplify sound but works by directly stimulating any functioning auditor...
Article
Intravestibular lipoma
Intravestibular lipomas are rare congenital fatty masses located in the vestibule of the inner ear.
Clinical presentation
Patients usually present with sensorineural hearing loss.
Pathology
Their pathogenesis is thought to be the same as that of other intracranial lipomas.
Associations
l...
Article
Fissula ante fenestram
The fissula ante fenestram (plural: fissula ante fenestras) is a small connective tissue-filled cleft in the otic capsule of the temporal bone, not typically visible on CT. The area around the fissula ante fenestram is the usual origin of fenestral otosclerosis.
Gross anatomy
The fissula ante ...
Article
Inner ear malformations (classification)
Inner ear malformations are a spectrum of congenital anomalies involving the inner ear structures with an emphasis on the cochlea due to their implications for sensorineural hearing loss.
Classification
An imaging-based classification was first proposed in 1987 by Jackler et al. according to p...
Article
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) is an inner ear abnormality, where a clinical disequilibrium phenomenon is associated with the absence of the bony covering of the superior semicircular canal (SSCC).
Notably, this CT finding has also been described in ~10% of individuals w...
Article
Labyrinthitis ossificans
Labyrinthitis ossificans, also known as labyrinthine ossification, represents pathological ossification of the membranous labyrinth as a response to an insult to the inner ear.
Clinical presentation
It is usually associated with profound sensorineural hearing loss, and may sometimes be associa...
Article
Cochlear incomplete partition type III
Cochlear incomplete partition type III (IP-III) is the type of cochlear incomplete partition present in X-linked deafness, a rare, nonsyndromic, genetic cochlear anomaly associated with mixed conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
Terminology
The genetic disorder goes by many names 8:
X-l...
Article
Cochlea
The cochlea (plural: cochleae) is part of the inner ear osseous labyrinth found in the petrous temporal bone. It contains the cochlear duct, part of the membranous labyrinth which senses hearing.
Gross anatomy
The cochlea is a shell-shaped spiral that turns between two-and-a-half and two-and-t...
Article
Vestibule (ear)
The vestibule is an approximately 4 mm central chamber of the bony labyrinth. It is dominated by depressions housing parts of the membranous labyrinth:
utricle (elliptical recess)
saccule (spherical recess)
basal end of the cochlear duct (cochlear recess)
It is located medial to the tympanic...
Article
Macula cribrosa
The macula cribrosa is part of the vestibule of the inner ear, located medially between it and the lateral most part of the internal acoustic meatus. It represents clusters of small foramina that permit the passage of vestibular nerve fibers from the internal acoustic foramen into the vestibule....