Items tagged “lower limb”

The sciatic nerve arises from the sacral plexus from the roots of L4-S3 and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the body. Summary origin: sacral plexus (L4-S3) course: exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen to enter the ...

A Wagstaffe-Le Fort fracture refers to an avulsion fracture of the medial aspect of the distal fibula due to avulsion of the anterior tibiofibular ligament attachment. See also lower extremity fractures

A mnemonic for the boundaries of the femoral triangle is: SAIL This should be easy to remember because the femoral triangle is shaped like a sail.  Mnemonic S: sartorius A: adductor longus IL: inguinal ligament

The semimembranosus muscle is one of the hamstring muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh and accompanies the semitendinosus muscle in the medial aspect of the posterior thigh. It is named for its flattened membranous tendon of its ischial attachment. Its lateral border forms the sup...

Flexor retinaculum at the ankle is formed by reinforcement of the deep fascia of the leg by transverse collagen bundles and functions to prevent 'bowstringing' of tendons as they pass the tibiotalar joint. It forms the roof of the tarsal tunnel 1-2. Attachments medial malleolus of the tibia m...

The great saphenous vein (GSV) forms part of the superficial venous system of the lower limb.  Terminology The great saphenous vein is the preferred term over other variants such as long saphenous vein (LSV), greater saphenous vein or internal saphenous vein 5. Gross anatomy Origin and cours...

The small saphenous vein (SSV) forms part of the superficial venous drainage of the lower limb. Terminology Small saphenous vein is the preferred terminology over other terms such as short saphenous vein, external saphenous vein or lesser saphenous vein 5.  Gross anatomy Origin and course T...

The semitendinosus is a fusiform muscle in the posterior compartment of the thigh and hamstrings muscles. It is often divided into two parts by a tendinous inscription 2. It accompanies the semimembranosus muscle in the medial aspect of the posterior thigh. It is named for its cord-like tendon w...

Thigh refers to the portion of the lower limb between the hip and knee joints. Note that in an anatomical context "leg" refers to the portion between the knee and ankle joints and not to the entire lower limb. 

Leg refers to the portion of the lower limb between the knee and ankle joints. Note that this anatomical definition is different from the everyday use of the word "leg" which often refers to the entire lower limb. The upper portion of the lower limb, between hip and knee joints, is referred to a...

The anatomy of the venous drainage of the lower limbs is extremely variable. However, there is order in the variability. The veins of the lower extremities are arranged in three systems: the superficial, the deep, and the perforating venous systems. These are located in two main compartments: th...

The perforating veins of the lower limb (PV or “perforators”) are so called because they perforate the deep fascia of muscles, to connect the superficial venous systems of the lower extremity with the deep veins where they drain. There are numerous veins in variable arrangement, connection, size...

The perforators of the leg (venae perforantes cruris; PV; or “perforating veins”) are a subset of, and not to be confused with, the larger overarching group of perforating veins of the lower limb. This group of veins connects the superficial venous systems and deep veins in the calf and are div...

Saphenous neuropathy or saphenous nerve entrapment can be the result of nerve compression or traction injury of the saphenous nerve a pure sensory nerve terminal branch and the longest cutaneous branch from the femoral nerve that supplies the medial thigh, lower leg and foot 1-3. Epidemiology ...

The medial oblique foot view for pediatrics is one of three views performed to examine the phalanges, metatarsals and tarsal bones of the foot. Indications This projection is useful in diagnosing fractures; particularly 5th metatarsal fractures, soft tissue effusions, joint space abnormalities...