Items tagged “lung”

116 results found
Article

Acute unilateral airspace opacification (differential)

Acute unilateral airspace opacification is a subset of the differential diagnosis for airspace opacification.   Differential diagnosis The exhaustive list of all possible causes would be huge, but a useful framework includes: pus, i.e. pulmonary infection bacterial pneumonia fungal pneumoni...
Article

Acute airspace opacification with lymphadenopathy (differential)

Acute airspace opacification with lymphadenopathy is a subset of the differential diagnosis for generalized airspace opacification and includes: post-obstructive causes (usually chronic, but 'new' changes can occur) primary lung cancer pulmonary metastases lymphoma/leukemia infection prim...
Article

Air bronchogram

An air bronchogram occurs when endobronchial air is visible against a background of increased lung opacity. Expulsion of gas from the parenchyma is partial or complete and can be due to atelectasis and/or replacement by fluid, inflammatory cells, blood, tumor or interstitial thickening. The pers...
Article

Air crescent (lung)

Air crescent describes the crescent of gas between an intra-cavitary mass and the cavity wall. The intra-cavitary mass may be due to necrotic tissue or a fungus ball 6. Terminology The descriptor Monod sign 2 is commonly used to describe the combination of a gas crescent and a mobile fungus ba...
Article

Caplan syndrome

Caplan syndrome, also known as rheumatoid pneumoconiosis, is the combination of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and a characteristic pattern of fibrosis. Although first described in coal miners (coal workers' pneumoconiosis), it has subsequently been found in patients with a variety of pneumo...
Article

Carney triad

Carney triad is a rare syndrome defined by the coexistence of three tumors: extra-adrenal paraganglioma initially, only functioning extra-adrenal paragangliomas were included, but subsequent work includes non-functioning extra-adrenal paragangliomas 1 gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (...
Article

Chronic bilateral airspace opacification (differential)

Chronic bilateral airspace opacification is a subset of the differential diagnosis for airspace opacification. An exhaustive list of all possible causes of chronic bilateral airspace opacities is long, but a useful framework is as follows: inflammatory sarcoidosis granulomatosis with polyangi...
Article

Coal workers' pneumoconiosis

Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is an occupational disease (type of pneumoconiosis) caused by exposure to coal dust free of silica (washed coal). Histologically, coal workers' pneumoconiosis is classified according to disease severity into simple (presence of coal macules) and complicated (wi...
Article

Eosinophilic lung disease

Eosinophilic lung diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders that are characterized by excess infiltration of eosinophils within the lung interstitium and alveoli and are broadly divided into three main groups 1: idiopathic: unknown causes secondary: known causes eosinophilic vasculitis:...
Article

Honeycombing (lungs)

Honeycombing is a CT imaging descriptor referring to clustered cystic air spaces (between 3 and 10 mm in diameter, but occasionally as large as 2.5 cm) that are usually subpleural, peripheral, and basal in distribution. They can be subdivided into: microcystic honeycombing macrocystic honeycom...
Article

Lung cancer (staging - IASLC 7th edition) (historical)

The IASLC (International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer) 7th edition lung cancer staging system was proposed in 2010 and has now been updated and superseded by the 8th edition, published in 2016. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) used to be staged di...
Article

Monod sign (lungs)

The Monod sign describes gas that surrounds a mobile fungus ball or mycetoma (most commonly an aspergilloma) in a pre-existing pulmonary cavity 1-3. Terminology In the 2024 edition of the Fleischner glossary, air crescent is the preferred term applying to air crescents seen with both mobile in...
Article

Pectus excavatum

Pectus excavatum, also known as funnel chest or trichterbrust 13, is a congenital chest wall deformity characterized by concave depression of the sternum, resulting in cosmetic and radiographic alterations. Epidemiology It is the most common chest wall deformity, accounting for approximately 9...
Article

Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism (PE) refers to partial or complete embolic occlusion of one or more pulmonary arteries, most commonly due to thrombus. PE is apparent as a ventilated perfusion defect on V/Q scan 35. Non-thrombotic pulmonary emboli sources include 30:  gas embolism, e.g. air embolism, carbon...
Article

Water lily sign (hydatid cyst)

The water lily sign, also known as the camalote sign, is seen in hydatid infections when there is detachment of the endocyst membrane which results in floating membranes within the pericyst that mimic the appearance of a water lily. It is classically described on plain radiographs (mainly chest...
Case

Bronchiectasis

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 07 May 2008
62% complete
CT
Article

Pulmonary hamartoma

Pulmonary hamartomas (alternative plural: hamartomata) are benign neoplasms composed of cartilage, connective tissue, muscle, fat, and bone. It is one of the most common benign lung tumors, accounting for ~8% of all lung neoplasms and 6% of solitary pulmonary nodules. Terminology Pulmonary cho...
Article

Peripheral lung opacities (mnemonic)

Mnemonics for peripheral lung opacities seen on chest x-ray or CT are useful to remember differentials. Examples include: AEIOU SIC CUE Mnemonics AEIOU A: alveolar sarcoidosis E: eosinophilic pneumonia I: infarction O: organizing pneumonia (including COP) U: usual interstitial pneumonit...
Article

Finger in glove sign (lung)

The finger in glove sign can be seen on either a chest radiograph or CT chest and refers to the characteristic sign of a bronchocele.  Terminology The same appearance has also been referred to as: Mickey Mouse appearance rabbit ear appearance toothpaste-shaped opacity V-shaped opacities Y...
Case

Pneumonia - right upper lobe

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 09 Oct 2009
69% complete
X-ray

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