Items tagged “metastases”

9 results found
Article

Hepatic metastases

Hepatic metastases are 18-40 times more common than primary liver tumors 6. Ultrasound, CT, and MRI are helpful in detecting hepatic metastases and evaluation across multiple post-contrast CT series, or MRI pulse sequences are necessary.  Epidemiology The demographics of patients with liver me...
Article

Pulmonary metastases

Pulmonary metastases refer to distant tumor spread from a variety of primary tumors to the lungs via the blood or lymphatics. This article primarily describes hematogenous pulmonary metastases while lymphangitic carcinomatosis is discussed separately. Epidemiology Lung metastases are common. ...
Article

Metastases to testis

Metastases to testis are a very rare cause of a testicular mass and may be bilateral in up to 15% of patients.  Epidemiology Metastases to the testes are apparent in ~0.04% of autopsy studies in patients with known malignancy. The average age is 57 years, much older than the primary age for pr...
Article

Orbital metastasis

Orbital metastases are relatively uncommon, but some primary tumors do have a predilection to metastasize to the orbit. This article concerns itself with extraocular metastases, rather than intraocular tumors or direct extension of tumors from neighboring regions. For a discussion of intraocula...
Article

Common calcifying metastases (mnemonic)

A simple mnemonic to recall a list of commonly calcifying metastases is: BOTOM Mnemonic B: breast cancer O: osteosarcoma T: papillary thyroid cancer O: ovarian cancer (especially mucinous) M: mucinous adenocarcinoma (especially colorectal carcinoma)
Article

Intramedullary spinal metastasis

Intramedullary spinal metastases are rare, occurring in ~1% of autopsied cancer patients, and are less common than leptomeningeal metastases. Intramedullary lesions may result from: growth along the Virchow-Robin spaces hematogenous dissemination direct extension from the leptomeninges Epid...
Article

Endobronchial metastases (mnemonic)

Primary neoplasms which may result in endobronchial metastases may be memorized by utilizing the following mnemonic: Kiss My RBC 1  Mnemonic K: Kaposi sarcoma M: melanoma R: renal cell carcinoma B: breast cancer C: colorectal carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, carcinoid See also endobronchi...
Article

Tumors that metastasize to bone (mnemonic)

Tumors that metastasize to bone may be remembered using the mnemonic "PBKTL", rendered as "lead kettle", as "Pb" is the standard abbreviation for the chemical element, lead. PB-KTL Mnemonic P: prostate B: breast K: kidney T: thyroid L: lung For females, breast and lung are the most commo...
Article

Metastatic melanoma

Metastatic melanoma is known for its aggressive nature and for its ability to metastasize to a variety of atypical locations, which is why it demonstrates poor prognostic characteristics. Epidemiology Melanoma accounts for ~5% of all skin cancers, however, it remains the leading cause of death...

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