Items tagged “muscle-stub”

23 results found

Muscles of the shoulder

Muscles of the shoulder can be subdivided into a variety of groups depending on origin, topography, function or innervation. The system used here groups muscles based on function and topography (which are closely related in the upper limb): Muscles of the shoulder girdle Muscles that have migr...

Pectoralis major

The pectoralis major muscle is a muscle of the pectoral region, overlying the anterior chest wall but is considered an upper limb muscle due to its function. Summary origin sternal part: sternum and superior six costal cartilages clavicular part: medial half of the clavicle insertion: late...

Deltoid muscle

The deltoid muscle is the largest of the shoulder muscles. The muscle is composed of three heads (clavicular, acromial and spinous), although electromyography suggests that there are at least seven control regions that could act independently 1. Summary origin: lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acr...

Teres major

Teres major is one of the seven scapulohumeral muscles that act around the glenohumeral joint to facilitate shoulder movement. Summary origin: caudal two thirds of lateral border and inferior angle of scapula insertion: medial border of the intertubercular groove, which is the crest of lesser...

Biceps brachii

The biceps brachii muscle (also known simply as biceps) is a two-headed muscle in the anterior compartment of the arm that flexes at the elbow and supinates the forearm. Summary origin short head: coracoid process of the scapula long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula insertion: rad...

Coracobrachialis

The coracobrachialis is one of the three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm. It sits beneath the biceps brachii, inserting via a flat tendon into the medial shaft of the humerus. origin: coracoid process of scapula insertion: via a flat tendon onto the midportion of the medial surf...

Brachialis

The brachialis muscle (brachialis) is one of the three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm. It is only involved in flexion at the elbow and therefore the strongest flexor at the elbow, compared with the biceps brachii which is also involved in supination because of its insertion on th...

Triceps brachii

The triceps brachii, which often referred to simply as the triceps is a three-headed muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm. Summary origin long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula medial head: posterior humerus, inferior to the radial groove, medial intermuscular septum late...

Anconeus

The anconeus is a small muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm at the lateral aspect of the elbow. It has little functional significance but should be differentiated from the variably present anconeus epitrochlearis at the medial aspect of the elbow. Summary origin: lateral epicondyle ...

Articularis cubiti

The articularis cubiti is a muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm: origin: posterior surface of the distal humerus insertion: posterior surface of the elbow joint capsule innervation: radial nerve action: tenses the posterior elbow joint capsule during elbow extension

Pronator teres

Pronator teres is a two-headed flexor and pronator of the forearm, found superficially in the anterior compartment of the forearm. Summary origin humeral head: medial epicondyle of the humerus ulnar head: coronoid process of the ulna insertion: lateral surface of the middle-third radius ar...

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) is a muscle found in the first layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm. It does not pass through the carpal tunnel, but rather by itself in a small separate tunnel between the superficial and deep layers of the flexor retinaculum along the scaphoid and trapez...

Palmaris longus

Palmaris longus (PL) is a superficial, weak flexor of the wrist located in the anterior compartment of the forearm. Summary origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus insertion: palmar aponeurosis arterial supply: anterior ulnar recurrent artery innervation: median nerve action: weak flexor...

Latissimus dorsi

Latissimus dorsi is one of the muscles that attaches the upper limb to the vertebral column. Summary origin: spinous processes of T7-T12 and thoracolumbar fascia; posterior third of the iliac crest; 9th-12th ribs, inferior angle of the scapula insertion: floor of the bicipital groove of the h...

Levator scapulae

Levator scapulae is a muscle of the upper limb that connects the pectoral girdle to the cervical spine. Summary origin: C1-C4 transverse processes insertion: superior angle of the scapula innervation: direct branches from the C3-4 spinal nerves, and the dorsal scapular nerve (C5) arterial s...

Serratus anterior

Serratus anterior arises from the lateral chest wall as eight interdigitations of muscle that run posteriorly around the chest wall, under the scapula to insert onto the medial scapula. Summary origin: anterolateral ribs 1-8 or 1-9 insertion: medial border of the scapula innervation: long t...

Subclavius muscle

The subclavius muscle is a small triangular muscle that depresses the shoulder. It is a minor member of the anterior group of muscles of the pectoral girdle. Summary origin: 1st costochondral joint insertion: subclavian groove on the inferior aspect of the clavicle innervation: nerve to sub...

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) is a muscle of the first layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm. Summary origin humeral head: medial epicondyle of the humerus ulnar head: medial border of olecranon and posterior border of ulna insertion: base of 5th metacarpal; hook of hamate, pisiform...

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) is a muscle in the second (intermediate) layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm. It splits into four tendons, passes through the carpal tunnel under the flexor retinaculum, and inserts into the base of the middle phalanx of the 2nd- 5th digits. Su...

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) makes up the third layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm along with flexor pollicis longus. It passes through the carpal tunnel. Summary origin: proximal, anterior surface of ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane insertion: volar surface of distal...

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