Items tagged “musculoskeletal”

78 results found
Article

Positive metacarpal sign

In the metacarpal sign, a line drawn along the heads of the 4th and 5th metacarpals will intersect the head of the 3rd metacarpal if shortening is present. The shortened 4th metacarpal is the key to the sign. The sign is positive in up to 9.6% of normal individuals 3. It is however seen in a va...
Article

Osteochondroma

Osteochondromas are a relatively common imaging finding, accounting for 10-15% of all bone tumors and ~35% of all benign bone tumors. Although usually thought of as a benign bone tumor, they may be thought of as a developmental anomaly. They are frequently asymptomatic and have very low malignan...
Article

Paget disease (bone)

Paget disease of the bone is a common, chronic metabolic bone disorder characterized by excessive abnormal bone remodeling. The classically described radiological appearances are expanded bone with a coarsened trabecular pattern. The pelvis, spine, skull, and proximal long bones are most frequen...
Article

Parosteal osteosarcoma

Parosteal osteosarcoma is a subtype of osteosarcoma and arises from the outer layer of the periosteum.  Epidemiology It is the most common type of juxtacortical or surface osteosarcoma and accounts for ~4% of all osteosarcomas 1-3. It typically presents in early adulthood and middle age with a...
Article

Sacroiliac joint injection

Sacroiliac joint injections can be performed using a posterior approach into the sacroiliac (SI) joint under fluoroscopic or CT guidance. It is often performed bilaterally. Indications diagnostic: relief of pain after injection of local anesthetic therapeutic: to relieve pain from degene...
Article

Tumoral calcinosis

Tumoral calcinosis, also known as Teutschlaender disease, is a rare familial condition characterized by painless, periarticular masses. The term should be strictly used to refer to a disease caused by a hereditary metabolic dysfunction of phosphate regulation associated with massive periarticula...
Article

Kirner deformity

A Kirner deformity, also known as dystelephalangy, is characterized by a curvature of the distal phalanx of the 5th digit in both a palmar and radial direction. Epidemiology The deformity typically presents in late childhood to early adolescence, although a mild deformity may be present at bir...
Article

Morel-Lavallée lesion

Morel-Lavallée lesions are closed degloving injuries associated with severe trauma which then present as hemolymphatic collections or masses. MRI and ultrasound are useful modalities for evaluation. Terminology The lesions classically occur over the greater trochanter of the femur 1. Morel-Lav...
Article

Lipoma

Lipomas are benign tumors composed of mature adipocytes. They are the most common soft tissue tumor, seen in ~2% of the population.  Epidemiology Patients typically present in adulthood (5th-7th decades). Associations In some cases, multiple lipomas are associated with syndromes and other di...
Article

Köhler disease

Köhler disease is an eponymous term referring to childhood-onset osteonecrosis of the navicular in the foot. Müller-Weiss syndrome is the adult counterpart of navicular osteonecrosis 4,5. Epidemiology Köhler disease typically presents in the pediatric population (4-6 years of age) and there is...
Article

Cleidocranial dysostosis

Cleidocranial dysostosis (CCD), also known as cleidocranial dysplasia, is a rare skeletal dysplasia with predominantly membranous bone involvement, which carries an autosomal dominant inheritance 4. Clinical presentation large head, with large fontanelles with delayed closure broad mandible ...
Article

Osteoblastoma

Osteoblastomas are rare bone-forming tumors that may be locally aggressive. Compared to their histological relative, the osteoid osteoma, they are larger (>2 cm) and more frequently affect the axial skeleton 1. Osteoblastoma accounts for the 'O' in the popular mnemonic for lucent bone lesions F...
Article

Ganglion cyst

Ganglion cysts are non-malignant cystic masses that occur in association with musculoskeletal structures. They are the most common soft tissue mass in the hand and wrist.  Terminology Ganglion cysts are sometimes also simply referred to as ganglia or a ganglion, but should not be confused with...
Case

Aggressive fibromatosis

  Diagnosis almost certain
Matt Skalski
Published 06 Jan 2015
80% complete
Annotated image X-ray MRI
Case

Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia

  Diagnosis probable
Skúli Óskar Kim
Published 11 Nov 2014
74% complete
CT
Case

Sarcoidosis - osseous involvement

  Diagnosis almost certain
Matt Skalski
Published 19 Nov 2014
75% complete
X-ray
Article

Superficial infrapatellar bursitis

Infrapatellar bursitis (or clergyman's knee) occurs with inflammation of bursae around the insertion of the distal patellar tendon. The inflamed bursa may be: superficial/subcutaneous: anterior to the distal patellar tendon deep: posterior to the distal patellar tendon, in the region of the in...
Article

CLOVES syndrome

CLOVES syndrome is an acronym denoting a rare condition consisting of: Congenital Lipomatous Overgrowth Vascular malformations Epidermal nevi Skeletal/Scoliosis/Spinal anomalies Terminology Although first described as CLOVE the term "CLOVES" syndrome, with the "S" emphasizing the skeletal ...
Article

Arcade of Frohse

The arcade of Frohse (pronounced "\ˈfʁoːzə \") is also known as the supinator arch. The arcade is formed by a fibrous band between the two heads of the supinator muscle. The deep branch of the radial nerve passes beneath the arcade accompanied by vessels known as the leash of Henry. Radiograph...
Article

Snapping triceps syndrome

Snapping triceps syndrome is an uncommon cause of medial elbow pain. It occurs if the triceps insertion subluxates over the medial epicondyle during flexion and extension of the elbow, and two palpable "snaps" may be heard or felt during this motion. It may coexist with ulnar nerve dislocation. ...

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