Items tagged “neuroradiology”

170 results found
Article

Achondroplasia

Achondroplasia is a congenital genetic disorder resulting in rhizomelic dwarfism and is the most common skeletal dysplasia. It has numerous distinctive radiographic features.  Epidemiology It occurs due to sporadic mutations in the majority of cases but can be inherited as an autosomal dominan...
Article

Asymmetrically large jugular bulb

Asymmetrically large jugular bulbs are entirely normal and asymptomatic; its only significance is to distinguish it from pathology. The size of the jugular bulbs is variable, with the right side being significantly larger than the left in two-thirds of people. A normal but large bulb will have...
Article

Baastrup disease

Baastrup disease or syndrome (also referred to as kissing spines) is a cause of low back pain characterized by interspinous bursitis and other degenerative changes of the bones and soft tissues where adjacent spinous processes in the lumbar spine rub against each other. Epidemiology It tends t...
Article

Cervical canal stenosis

Cervical canal stenosis is a general term that refers to the abnormal narrowing of the cervical spinal canal that compromises the nerve root and/or spinal cord resulting in radiculopathy and/or compressive myelopathy. The most common cause of cervical spinal canal stenosis is age-related degener...
Article

Chordoma

Chordomas are uncommon malignant tumors of the axial skeleton that account for 1% of intracranial tumors and 4% of all primary bone tumors.  They originate from embryonic remnants of the primitive notochord (earliest fetal axial skeleton, extending from the Rathke's pouch to the tip of the cocc...
Article

Cranial nerves

The cranial nerves (TA: nervi craniales) are the twelve paired sets of nerves that arise from the cerebrum or brainstem and leave the central nervous system through cranial foramina rather than through the spine. The cranial nerves are numbered one to twelve, always using Roman numerals, i.e. I ...
Article

Epidural lipomatosis

Epidural lipomatosis refers to an excessive accumulation of fat within the spinal epidural space resulting in compression of the thecal sac. In severe cases, compression may be symptomatic. The lumbar region is most frequently affected. Epidemiology The demographics of affected individuals ref...
Article

Jefferson fracture

Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas. It was originally described as a four-part fracture with double fractures through the anterior and posterior arches, but three-part and two-part fractures have also been described. Epidemiology Associations 50% a...
Article

Jugular spine

The jugular spine is a small sharp bony ledge which separates the two parts of the jugular foramen - pars nervosa anteromedially and pars vascularis posterlaterally. It is an important landmark, as masses of the jugular foramen (e.g. jugular paraganglioma) may erode the jugular spine, helping di...
Article

Meningioma

Meningiomas are extra-axial tumors and represent the most common tumor of the meninges. They are a non-glial neoplasm that originates from the meningocytes or arachnoid cap cells of the meninges and are located anywhere that meninges are found, and in some places where only rest cells are presum...
Article

Congenital spinal meningocele

Congenital spinal meningoceles are developmental anomalies of meningothelial elements displaced into the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Please refer to the meningocele article for a broad overview of all types of this condition.  Pathology It is a defect of the neural tube, an embryonic struc...
Article

Spondylolisthesis grading system

A commonly adopted method of grading the severity of spondylolisthesis is the Meyerding classification. It divides the superior endplate of the vertebra below into 4 quarters. The grade depends on the location of the posteroinferior corner of the vertebra above. This classification was original...
Article

Sugar coating

So-called "sugar coating" or zuckerguss (German for sugar icing) refers to the appearance of diffuse linear/sheetlike leptomeningeal contrast enhancement in the brain or spinal cord due to drop metastases or leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. It is seen both as a result of CNS involvement from dista...
Case

Foraminal lumbar disc protrusion

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 07 May 2008
80% complete
MRI
Case

Multiple sclerosis of the spine

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 07 May 2008
74% complete
MRI
Article

Lipoma of the filum terminale

Lipoma of the filum terminale, also known as fatty filum terminale or filar lipoma, is a relatively common finding on imaging of the lumbar spine, and in most cases is an incidental finding of no clinical concern. However, in some patients it may be associated with signs and symptoms of tethered...
Case

Epidural abscess of the cervical spine

  Diagnosis almost certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 21 Jun 2008
74% complete
MRI
Case

Spinal metastasis with cord compression

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 13 Jul 2008
83% complete
MRI
Case

Lumbar spine fracture dislocation

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 18 Jul 2008
68% complete
CT
Case

Neurofibromatosis type 1

  Diagnosis almost certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 23 Jul 2008
77% complete
MRI

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