Items tagged “orthopaedics”

Lisfranc injuries, also called Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, are the most common type of dislocation involving the foot and correspond to the dislocation of the articulation of the tarsus with the metatarsal bases. Pathology Anatomy The Lisfranc joint is the articulation of the tarsus with ...

Neck of femur fractures (NOF) are common injuries sustained by older patients who are both more likely to have unsteadiness of gait and reduced bone mineral density, predisposing to fracture. Elderly osteoporotic women are at greatest risk. Epidemiology Incidence is increasing as the proportio...

Pathological fractures are fractures that occur in abnormal bone and occur spontaneously or following minor trauma that would not otherwise fracture biomechanically normal bone. Terminology The term pathological fracture is usually reserved for malignancies, either benign or malignant, althoug...

Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. Pathology The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Classification There are two...

Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation is rare, accounting for only ~2% of joint dislocations and especially when compared to other traumatic upper limb injuries such as clavicular fractures.  Epidemiology Most cases result from indirect trauma 5, especially high-speed motor vehicle accident...

Maisonneuve fracture refers to a combination of a fracture of the proximal fibula together with an unstable ankle injury (widening of the ankle mortise on x-ray), often comprising ligamentous injury (distal tibiofibular syndesmosis, deltoid ligament) and/or fracture of the medial malleolus. It i...

The line of Klein describes a line along the superior edge of the neck of the femur. It is useful in detecting early slipped upper femoral epiphysis​ in adolescents. The line should normally intersect the lateral part of the superior femoral epiphysis. If the line of Klein fails to intersect the...

The Latarjet procedure is an orthopedic procedure in the shoulder where a coracoid bone block is positioned flush with the anterior-inferior border of the glenoid (often with one or more screws). It can be performed as either an open or arthroscopic procedure. It is usually performed for antero-...

Fracture healing occurs naturally after traumatic bony disruption. This process begins with hemorrhage and progresses through three stages: inflammatory reparative remodeling This process can be supported by various treatment options with immobilization a mainstay; inappropriate treatment ma...

Complications of total hip arthroplasty are common and it is essential for the radiologist to be aware of them in the assessment of radiographs of total hip replacements. Complications are many and can occur at various time intervals following the initial surgery: aseptic loosening: considered ...

The (deep) lateral femoral notch sign describes a depression on the lateral femoral condyle at the terminal sulcus, a junction between the weight-bearing tibial articular surface and the patellar articular surface of the femoral condyle. It is occasionally referred to as a deep sulcus sign, not ...

Metal-on-metal pseudotumors represent mass-forming inflammation around a metal-on-metal hip or knee replacement. The term describes one presentation on the spectrum of adverse reaction to metal debris. Clinical presentation Metal-on-metal pseudotumors are large focal solid or semiliquid masses...

Carpometacarpal (CMC) joint dislocations are uncommon dislocations of the hand. Epidemiology There is a strong younger male predominance. These injuries account for less than 1% of hand injuries 4 and are more common in the dominant hand. Clinical presentation Typical mechanism: punching (m...