Items tagged “paediatrics”

Gonadoblastomas are uncommon sex cord / stromal tumors. They are associated with disorders of sexual development (previously known as "intersex disorders"). Epidemiology The vast majority are found <30 years of age. Most are discovered in the perinatal period. May occur in phenotypic males or ...

Johanson-Blizzard syndrome is a disorder of ectodermal dysplasia with wide variability in its manifestations. It is thought to have an autosomal recessive inheritance. Clinical presentation There is wide variability in the clinical presentation, but common features are: low birth weight hypo...

The spleen size varies with a child's age. The three numbers below represent the 10th percentile, median, and 90th percentile for the long axis of the spleen (cm) 1-3: 0-3 months: (3.3, 4.5, 5.8 cm) 3-6 months: (4.9, 5.3, 6.4 cm) 6-12 months: (5.2, 6.2, 6.8 cm) 1-2 years: (5.4, 6.9, 7.5 cm)...

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, also known as levo- or L-loop transposition (L-TGA), is a rare cardiovascular anomaly with inversion of the ventricles and great arteries. See the main article on transposition of the great arteries for discussion of the D-loop subtype....

The extrusion index, also known as the (Reimers) hip migration index, is a radiographic measurement of femoral head bony coverage by the acetabulum. It is useful in assessing for developmental dysplasia of the hip, femoroacetabular impingement, and assessment of hip subluxation in cerebral palsy...

The lateral center-edge angle is a radiographic measurement of the superolateral femoral head bony coverage by the acetabulum. It has since been shown to be superior to the extrusion index in measuring femoral head undercoverage ref.  Usage The lateral center-edge angle has primarily been desc...

Apophyseal stress injury is a chronic overuse injury of the apophysis and a relatively common type of injury in young athletes. Terminology This entity has often been termed 'apophysitis'. However, as the suffix '-itis' is usually used in inflammatory-mediated conditions, it is regarded by man...