Items tagged “paediatrics”

46 results found
Article

Respiratory distress syndrome

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a relatively common condition that occurs in preterm neonates resulting from insufficient production of surfactant.  Terminology Respiratory distress syndrome is also known as hyaline membrane disease (this term is not favored as it reflects non-specific ...
Article

Beta angle (developmental dysplasia of the hip)

The beta angle is a measurement used in the ultrasonographic assessment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Measurement The angle is formed by the cartilaginous roof to the vertical cortex of the ilium and thus reflects the femoral head cartilaginous coverage Technique for drawing th...
Article

Ebstein anomaly

Ebstein anomaly is an uncommon congenital cardiac anomaly, characterized by a variable developmental anomaly of the tricuspid valve. Epidemiology The anomaly accounts for only ~0.5% of congenital cardiac defects 6,7, although it is the most common cause of congenital tricuspid regurgitation. T...
Article

Transposition of the great arteries

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA), also known as transposition of the great vessels (TGV), is the most common cyanotic congenital cardiac anomaly presenting during the newborn period, with cyanosis in the first 24 hours of life. It occurs as a result of ventriculoarterial discordance, w...
Article

Epiglottitis

Epiglottitis, also known as supraglottitis, is a life-threatening condition caused by inflammation of the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds 1, which can lead to acute airway obstruction. Epidemiology The traditional age of presentation is in children of 3 to 6 years, although this has been ch...
Article

Pediatric urinary tract infection

Pediatric urinary tract infections are common and are a source of significant imaging in young children. Epidemiology Pediatric urinary tract infections affect up to 2.8% of all children every year, with approximately 2% of boys and 8% or more of girls developing a urinary tract infection at s...
Case

Metatarsus adductus

  Diagnosis certain
Basab Bhattacharya
Published 07 Jul 2010
72% complete
X-ray
Article

Cleidocranial dysostosis

Cleidocranial dysostosis (CCD), also known as cleidocranial dysplasia, is a rare skeletal dysplasia with predominantly membranous bone involvement, which carries an autosomal dominant inheritance 4. Clinical presentation large head, with large fontanelles with delayed closure broad mandible ...
Case

Osteoblastoma

  Diagnosis probable
Paul Smith
Published 04 Oct 2010
59% complete
Nuclear medicine X-ray CT MRI
Case

Ectrodactyly

  Diagnosis certain
Paul Smith
Published 10 Nov 2010
60% complete
X-ray
Article

Caput succedaneum

Caput succedaneum is a manifestation of birth trauma, and it consists of a subcutaneous serosanguineous fluid collection external to the galea aponeurosis in the newborn's scalp. The fluid collection is extra-periosteal. It may be imaged with ultrasound, CT, or MRI. Caput succedaneum results fr...
Article

Umbilical venous catheters

Umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) are commonly used in neonates for vascular access and should be carefully assessed for position on all neonatal films.  Position An umbilical venous catheter generally passes directly superiorly and remains relatively anterior in the abdomen. It passes through...
Article

Juvenile granulosa cell tumor (ovary)

Juvenile granulosa cell tumors of the ovary (JGCT) are a less common subtype of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary (~5% of cases). They are classified as ovarian sex cord / stromal tumors. Epidemiology It typically occurs in premenarchal girls and young women. The mean age of presentation is 13...
Article

Elbow joint effusion

An elbow joint effusion is a key finding to recognize on an elbow radiograph and should be used as a trigger to search for a fracture.  Finding an effusion  Recognizing an elbow joint effusion on lateral radiographs is an essential radiology skill. While the fluid itself is not discretely seen...
Case

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

  Diagnosis certain
Mohammad A. ElBeialy
Published 15 Jul 2013
92% complete
MRI X-ray
Case

Bilateral congenital radioulnar synostosis

  Diagnosis certain
Matt Skalski
Published 12 Aug 2013
85% complete
Diagram X-ray
Case

Right upper lobe pneumonia

  Diagnosis probable
Ian Bickle
Published 15 Jan 2014
66% complete
X-ray
Case

Neuroblastoma with skull metastases

  Diagnosis almost certain
Tamir Abdeljawad Ajeez
Published 06 Aug 2014
80% complete
X-ray CT
Case

Pelizaeus Merzbacher disease

  Diagnosis almost certain
Matt A. Morgan
Published 18 Nov 2014
74% complete
MRI
Article

Kabuki syndrome

Kabuki syndrome (Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome) is a rare polydysplasia that is thought to be more common in Japan. Epidemiology The estimated incidence is 1:32.000 in Japan. It is sporadically seen elsewhere in the world. The reason for the disparity in incidence is controversial. Clinical present...

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