Items tagged “radiopharmaceutical”
21 results found
Article
MIBG
MIBG scan is a scintigraphic study that uses metaiodobenzylguanidine, norepinephrine analog 9, labeled to iodine-123 or iodine-131. It is indicated in the investigation of pheochromocytoma. I-131 MIBG, also called I-131 iobenguane, is a theranostic agent used to treat unresectable MIBG-positive ...
Article
Octreotide scintigraphy
Octreotide scintigraphy uses 111In-labeled octreotide, which is a somatostatin analog; it is also known as Octreoscan, a brand name for 111In-labeled pentetreotide. Pentetreotide is a DTPA-conjugated form of octreotide, originally manufactured by Mallinckrodt Nuclear Medicine LLC, which now form...
Article
Technetium-99m agents
Technetium agents based on the technetium-99m (Tc-99m) radioisotope are frequently used agents in medical imaging. A radiopharmaceutical labeled with Tc-99m constitutes a co-ordination complex in which ligands bond to a central atom of Tc-99m by co-ordinate covalent bonds 4 .
The radioactive te...
Article
Radiopharmaceuticals
Radiopharmaceuticals are drugs that are bound to radioactive substances. They may be used for diagnostic imaging, as therapeutic agents, or both (theranostic).
The most commonly used radionuclide is Technetium-99m. In some cases, such as Iodine-123, the radioactive molecule itself has a physiol...
Article
Tc-99m sulfur colloid
Technetium-99m sulfur colloid is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals.
Characteristics
photon energy: 140 keV
physical half-life: 6 hours
biological half-life: 2 to 3 minutes
normal distribution:
liver: 85%
spleen: 10%
bone marrow: 5%
excretion: hepatic
target organ: liver, splee...
Article
Xenon-133
Xenon-133 is a radiopharmaceutical principally used when a performing VQ scan. Inhalation of this gas can also be used to assess cerebral blood flow.
Mode of decay: Beta decay
photon energy: 81 KeV
physical half-life: 5.27 days
biological half-life: 30 seconds
normal distribution: lungs
<1...
Article
Iodine-123
Iodine-123 (I123 or I-123) is a radioisotope of the element iodine (atomic number 53) used in nuclear medicine imaging including to scan the thyroid gland.
Uses, dosages, and time of Imaging
standard scan: 3.7-14.8 MBq (100-400 μCi) PO, image at 4-6 or 24 hours
thyroid cancer scan: 55.5 MBq ...
Article
Tc-99m DMSA
Tc-99m DMSA (2,3 dimercaptosuccinic acid) is a technetium radiopharmaceutical used in renal imaging to evaluate renal structure and morphology, particularly in pediatric imaging for detection of scarring and pyelonephritis. DMSA is an ideal agent for assessment of the renal cortex as it binds to...
Article
Tc-99m DTPA
Tc-99m DTPA (diethylene-triamine-pentaacetate) is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals used in renal imaging and primarily used to measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Characteristics
photon energy: 140 KeV
physical half-life: 6 hours
oxidation state of technetium: +4
biologi...
Article
Tc-99m MAG3
Tc-99m MAG3 (mercaptoacetyltriglycine) is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals used in renal imaging. Due to favorable energy and dosimetric characteristics, MAG3 radiolabeled with technetium has replaced the iodide-131 Hippuran for the study of renal function (tubular secretion physiology...
Article
Tc-99m pertechnetate
Tc-99m pertechnetate (Na+ 99mTc O4-) is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals used in imaging of thyroid, colon, bladder and stomach.
Technetium (99mTc) has eight oxidation states 6, from -1 to +7; specifically, the oxidation state of technetium in the pertechnetate anion (99mTcO4-) is +7....
Article
Tc-99m HMPAO labeled WBC
Tc-99m HMPAO (hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime) labeled WBC is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals used in WBC imaging.
There are three potential radiochemical impurities in the 99mTc-HMPAO: a hydrophilic secondary complex, the free pertechnetate and the reduced 99mTc-hydrolyzate. 1The min...
Article
Tc-99m MAA
Tc-99m MAA (macroaggregated albumin) is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals used in lung perfusion imaging.
Characteristics
photon energy: 140 KeV
physical half life: 6 hours
biological half life: 2-3 hours
normal distribution: lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys
pharmacokinetics:
>90% p...
Article
Scintigraphy performed with Tc-99m labeled RBCs
Tc-99m labeled RBCs - with radiolabelling technique in vivo or in vitro of red cells 3 - is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals used in the non-invasive assessment of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding 2, characterized by high sensitivity (93%) and specificity (95%) 4. It is capable, in fact,...
Article
Tc-99m sestamibi
Tc-99m sestamibi (sestamibi is a shortening of sesta-methoxyisobutylisonitrile) is one of the technetium radiopharmaceuticals.
Characteristics
photon energy: 140 KeV
physical half-life: 6 hours
lipophilic cation
normal distribution: thyroid, parathyroid, heart (myocardium)
e...
Article
Tc-99m DTPA (aerosol)
Tc-99m DTPA (diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid) (aerosol) is one of the technetium agents and is used in VQ imaging.
Characteristics
photon energy: 140 KeV
physical half life: 6 hours
biological half life: 1 hour
normal distribution: lungs
pharmacokinetics:
aerosol deposited in bronhoal...
Article
Thallium-201 scintigraphy
Thallium-201 (Tl-201) is a radiopharmaceutical used for scintigraphy, primarily of the myocardium. The element thallium is treated by the body as an analog of potassium; it is produced in a cyclotron by bombarding thallium-203 with protons.
Characteristics
thallium is a monovalent cation
usua...
Article
SeHCAT
SeHCAT™ (23-seleno-25-homo-tauro-cholic acid or tauroselcholic acid) is a radiopharmaceutical used in the investigation of bile salt malabsorption, which is a cause of chronic diarrhea.
Characteristics
physical half-life: 118 days
Uses, dosage and timings
A capsule containing SeHCAT is inge...
Article
Iodine-131
Iodine-131 (131I or I-131) is a radioisotope of iodine, which is used in the diagnosis, treatment and theranostic approach (diagnostic scan and radionuclide therapy 3 ) of thyroid lesions. It is one of the oldest radiotracers used in nuclear medicine, in use for over 50 years. It is predominate...
Article
Prostate-specific membrane antigen
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), also known as glutamate carboxypeptidase II, is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that has become an increasingly prominent imaging biomarker 1. PSMA has emerged as a useful target in PET imaging of prostate cancer, especially in the evaluation of sm...
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