Items tagged “refs”
2,968 results found
Article
Phantom organ sign
The phantom organ sign is a term used when a large mass arises from a small organ and as a consequence, it is impossible to detect the affected organ.
The identification of this sign and other radiological signs such as the embedded organ sign, beak sign, and prominent feeding artery sign on CT...
Article
Hepar lobatum carcinomatosum
Hepar lobatum carcinomatous, also known as pseudocirrhosis of the liver, is a rare form of metastatic liver disease. It is most often secondary to invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer. It was, however, first described in tertiary syphilis. The exact pathogenesis is unclear, and both direct ...
Article
Cardiac gating (MRI)
Cardiac gating or cardiac triggering refers to the gain of information about specific time points and their use for image acquisition during the cardiac cycle.
Technique
Cardiac synchronization can be achieved by the ECG signal or with a peripheral pulse transducer. The following two types of ...
Article
Calcar avis
Calcar avis is an elevation of white matter projecting from the medial wall of the occipital horn of the lateral ventricle. It is variably conspicuous, depending on how deep the calcarine sulcus is.
Gross anatomy
The calcar avis is located on the medial wall of the occipital horn, near the ju...
Article
Chondromalacia (musculoskeletal)
Chondromalacia or chondrosis is the pathological chronic degeneration of articular hyaline cartilage in the absence of osteoarthritis 1. Some authors 2 discourage the use of chondromalacia because it may be confused with a specific type of cartilage degeneration.
Classification
modified Outer...
Article
Acetabular dysplasia
Acetabular dysplasia is referred to as a shallow acetabulum, not being able to provide sufficient coverage for the femoral head and thus leading to instability of the hip joint.
Terminology
Acetabular dysplasia is a form of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) often referred to in the adol...
Article
Waist sign hydrosalpinx
The waist sign arises from the folding of a distended tube upon itself producing indentations on diametrically opposite sides. The waist sign is specific for hydrosalpinx and virtually pathognomonic when seen in association with a tubular-shaped cystic mass.
See also
cogwheel sign
beads on a ...
Article
Mucoid change
Mucoid change or mucoid degeneration refers to the irreversible tissue degeneration due to the accumulation of mucin within the fibres of tendons, ligaments, and fibrocartilage.
Epidemiology
The likelihood of mucoid change within ligaments and tendons increases with age 1.
Risk factors
Pre...
Article
Advanced multiple beam equalisation radiography
The advanced multiple beam equalisation radiography (AMBER) system is used to control the distribution of local exposure to the film. An array of independently functioning detectors is used to send feedback signals to the modulators kept in front of the x-ray tube to modulate the exposure levels.
Article
Centrilobular micronodules
Centrilobular micronodules are an image descriptor that refers to centrilobular nodules when the nodules are very small and present in a centrilobular distribution in the lungs. They are usually seen with bronchiolitis and can blend into tree-in-bud opacities.
Radiographic features
CT
Postpr...
Article
Subtalar joint injection (technique)
Subtalar joint injections are most often performed for osteoarthritis and the posterior subtalar joint is targeted. Ultrasound, fluoroscopy and CT guidance can be used.
Indications
osteoarthritis
diagnostic
Contraindications
Absolute
anaphylaxis to contrast/injectates
active local/system...
Article
Van Wyk Grumbach syndrome
The Van Wyk Grumbach syndrome is characterised by chronic hypothyroidism with high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), delayed bone age, precocious puberty but lacking pubic and axillary hair growth 1.
Epidemiology
The acquired form of hypothyroidism is seen in children caused by chr...
Article
Lesions of the prepatellar quadriceps continuation
Lesions of the prepatellar quadriceps continuation are partial or complete tears of the prepatellar quadriceps continuation, that can occur with or without patellar or quadriceps tendon tears and can cause anterior knee pain.
Pathology
Disruption and separation of prepatellar quadriceps conti...
Article
Posterior nutcracker syndrome
Posterior nutcracker syndrome is a rare vascular compression disorder, in which a retroaortic left renal vein is trapped between the aorta and the vertebral column.
Clinical presentation
The most reported clinical manifestation is microscopic or macroscopic haematuria.
See also
vascular comp...
Article
Ovarian ligament
The ovarian ligament, ligament of the ovary, or utero-ovarian ligament is one of the supporting ligaments of the ovary and uterus within the female pelvis. It should not be confused with the suspensory ligament of the ovary, which is a separate structure that extends laterally from the ovary and...
Article
Bethesda classification system for thyroid fine needle aspirates
Bethesda classification system for thyroid fine needle aspirates comprises six categories of pathological reporting of thyroid FNA, with each category linked to a malignancy risk.
Classification
category I: non-diagnostic
category II: benign
category III: atypia of undetermined sig...
Article
Prepatellar quadriceps continuation
The prepatellar quadriceps continuation is formed by the extension of the rectus femoris tendon connecting the patellar and quadriceps tendons.
Gross anatomy
The quadriceps tendon is a multilayer structure, where each of the four components of the muscle (vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vas...
Article
Terminology of rectal cancer staging
The terminology used in describing the stage and features of rectal cancer staging is based on using abbreviations and prefixes to denote the specific stage identifier, modality of assessment and the patient's position in the treatment journey 1.
Terminology
Abbreviations and letters used in s...
Article
Uvula
The uvula is a small, conical, pendulous process projected inferiorly from the midline posterior margin of the soft palate. It is primarily formed from the insertions of the two muscles of the uvula and their covering mucosa.
Summary
location: posterior midline soft palate
blood supply: from ...
Article
Airway foreign bodies in adults
Adults may inadvertently or intentionally ingest foreign bodies into the airway.
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.