Items tagged “refs”
2,969 results found
Article
Depositional arthropathy
Depositional arthropathy refers to a group of joint disorders caused by the depositional of substances within and/or around joints.
Diseases include:
crystal arthropathy
calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD)
gout
hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease (HADD)
haemop...
Article
Omental liver packs
Omental liver packs have been used in the surgical management of traumatic lacerations and hepatic lobectomy. Knowledge of this surgical technique could avoid misinterpretation or confusion of these findings with true postsurgical complications.
Technique
This technique consists of mobilizing...
Article
Sinonasal polyposis (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to remember the causes of sinonasal polyposis is:
KIC AAAN
Mnemonic
K: Kartagener syndrome
I: infectious rhinosinusitis
C: cystic fibrosis
A: aspirin sensitivity
A: allergic fungal sinusitis
A: asthma
N: nickel exposure
Article
Meningo-ophthalmic artery
The meningo-ophthalmic artery is a variant arterial anatomy in which the entire supply to the ophthalmic artery derives from the middle meningeal artery. This variation represents one extreme of a spectrum of the persistence of the embryologic stapedial artery.
Gross anatomy
The meningo-ophtha...
Article
Prefemoral fat pad
The prefemoral fat pad, also called the posterior suprapatellar fat pad or supratrochlear fat pad, is a normal collection of adipose tissue anterior to the femur. It is one of the three main anterior fat pads of the knee, along with the infrapatellar and quadriceps fat pads.
Gross anatomy
Boun...
Article
Panproctocolectomy
Panproctocolectomy is a surgery to remove the entire colon, rectum and anal canal. It is most frequently performed for ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) syndrome but may also be conducted for colorectal cancer and some other malignancies. The ileostomy co...
Article
Ankle injection (disambiguation)
Ankle injection is a general term which can refer to an intra-articular ankle injection but also other injections, particularly by patients, which include:
Achilles hydrodilation and microtenotomy
ankle joint injection
MRI arthrogram
CT arthrogram
anesthetic arthrogram
extensor tendon she...
Article
Sternoclavicular joint injection (technique)
Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) injections under image guidance ensure precise delivery of an injectate into the joint and importantly that needle depth is under direct visualization.
Indications
pain
arthropathy, e.g. osteoarthritis
diagnostic injection
Contraindications
Absolute
anaphyla...
Article
Prostate-seminal vesicle angle
The prostate-seminal vesicle angle (also known as the prostatoseminal angle 1) refers to the acute angle posterolaterally between the prostate gland and respective seminal vesicle on each side. The angle is visible due to the periprostatic fat lying between the two structures. The angle is appre...
Article
Renal transplant torsion
Renal transplant torsion is a very rare complication of renal transplant, occurring mostly in intraperitoneal transplants because of the increased mobility compared to extraperitoneal transplants, which are less mobile.
Clinical presentation
Non-specific clinical symptoms such as nausea, abdo...
Article
Spring ligament recess
The spring ligament recess is a collection of fluid that extends from the talocalcaneonavicular joint sitting between the medioplantar oblique and inferoplantar longitudinal sections of the spring ligament complex.
Radiographic appearance
MRI
The spring ligament recess is an important featur...
Article
Functional neuroanatomy
Functional neuroanatomy is the study of the functional connections in the brain and spinal cord, distinct but interconnected with the structural or "more conventional" anatomic descriptions of the central nervous system. It focuses on the relationship between structure and function and hence it ...
Article
Abdominal tuberculosis
Abdominal tuberculosis can manifest in almost every abdominopelvic organ:
gastrointestinal tuberculosis
esophageal tuberculosis
gastric tuberculosis
duodenal tuberculosis
jejunal and ileal tuberculosis
ileocecal tuberculosis
colorectal tuberculosis
tuberculous pe...
Article
Inverted papilloma of the urinary tract
Inverted papillomas of the urinary tract are rare, benign tumors that most commonly occur at the bladder neck or trigone and are characterized by an inverted growth pattern on histology 1.
Article
Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation
Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation is a rare hepatic vascular lesion that is the result of dilatation of the hepatic capillaries.
Pathology
Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation can be caused by hepatic venous outflow obstruction (more commonly) or extrahepatic inflammatory conditions 2.
Radiographic fea...
Article
Sulcus angle (knee)
The sulcus angle is useful in the assessment of patellofemoral instability and trochlear dysplasia.
Measurement
The angle is formed by the trochlear opening of the knee, measuring the angle between the medial and lateral facets. Classically described in axial x-rays of the knee performed at 3...
Article
Tanner stages of normal breast development
Breast development occurs in two phases, one during fetal life and the second during puberty. In fetal life a rudimentary organ with simple ducts develop under maternal stimulus. During puberty, further complex branching of ducts and glandular tissue forms which is divided into five stages.
Tan...
Article
Lower lobe fibrosis (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to remember differentials causing lower lobe fibrosis or predominant lower lobe fibrosis.
SAB-IPM
IPAS-BM
Mnemonic
SAB-IPM
S: systemic sclerosis and other connective tissue diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis)
A: aspiration, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, asbestosis
B: bronchi...
Article
Hypomyopathic dermatomyositis
Hypomyopathic dermatomyositis is a rare systemic autoimmune disorder of the skin with little to no muscle involvement. It makes up <5% of all dermatomyositis diagnoses.
Epidemiology
The incidence is 2 in 1,000,000 ref and it typically affects women more than man at a 2:1 1.
Clinical presenta...
Article
Colostomy
Colostomies are a surgically created stoma between the colon and the abdominal wall. It can be performed for both malignant and benign conditions.
Types
end colostomy
temporary end colostomy as part of a Hartmann procedure
loop colostomy
double barrel colostomy
end colostomy with mucous f...
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