Items tagged “sports medicine”
49 results found
Article
O'Donoghue unhappy triad
O'Donoghue unhappy triad or terrible triad often occurs in contact and non-contact sports, such as basketball, football, or rugby, when there is a lateral force applied to the knee while the foot is fixated on the ground. This produces an abduction-external rotation mechanism of injury ("pivot s...
Article
Posterosuperior impingement of the shoulder
Posterosuperior impingement, also known as internal impingement, is a relatively uncommon form of shoulder impingement primarily involving the infraspinatus tendon and the posterosuperior glenoid labrum. It occurs when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated (ABER position).
Clinical pr...
Article
Fatigue fracture
Fatigue fractures (also known as overuse fractures) are a type of stress fracture due to abnormal stresses on normal bone. They should not be confused with an insufficiency fracture, which occurs due to normal stresses on abnormal bone. Plain radiographs typically demonstrate a linear sclerotic ...
Article
Tendon pathology
A number of processes can cause tendon pathology and there is a discrepancy in terminology reflecting the unclear pathophysiology.
Terminology
tendinopathy: general umbrella term for pain and swelling of a tendon 2,3
tendinitis
previously popular term largely replaced by tendinopathy 3
now...
Article
Proximal intersection syndrome
Proximal intersection syndrome is an overuse tenosynovitis that occurs around the intersection of the first extensor compartment (abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis) and second extensor compartment (extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis) within the ...
Article
Medial tibial stress syndrome
Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), also known as shin splints, describes a spectrum of exercise-induced stress injury that occurs at the medial tibial mid-to-distal shaft. This term is often incorrectly used to indicate any type of tibial stress injury but more correctly refers to the earlier...
Article
Distal intersection syndrome
The distal intersection syndrome relates to tenosynovitis of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon (3rd extensor compartment), where it crosses the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and brevis (ECRB) tendons (2nd extensor compartment) 1. It is distinct from intersection syndrome which oc...
Article
Radiographic evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Radiographic evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction involves:
femoral component
a line is drawn along the posterior cortex of the femur
a second line is drawn along the roof of the intercondylar notch of the femur (Blumensaat line)
the point of intersection of these tw...
Article
Pronator teres syndrome
Pronator teres syndrome (also called pronator syndrome) is one of three common median nerve entrapment syndromes; the other two being anterior interosseous nerve syndrome and the far more common carpal tunnel syndrome. Signs and symptoms result from compression of the median nerve in the upper f...
Article
Semimembranosus distal tendon avulsion
Semimembranosus distal tendon avulsion is a specific type of hamstring avulsion injury that can occur in the knee.
Pathology
External rotation and abduction of the flexed knee or valgus force applied to the tibia. Associated injuries include anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, posterior...
Article
Delayed onset muscle soreness
Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) refers to the muscular pain and swelling that follows unaccustomed exertion.
Clinical presentation
Patients may have an ache in affected muscles with reduced strength 4.
Pathology
DOMS is thought to occur from the reversible microstructural muscle injury ...
Article
Sports injuries - cricket
Cricket is a popular game in Commonwealth countries. Sports injuries in this game can be associated with three positional aspects of the game: bowling, batting or fielding. Radiologists should know the different kinds of injuries related to this game for a better clinical association. Injuries c...
Article
Ischiofemoral impingement
Ischiofemoral impingement refers to the impingement of soft tissues between the ischial tuberosity and lesser trochanter of the femur.
Clinical presentation
Patients with ischiofemoral impingement present with chronic pain in the groin and/or buttock, without a history of traumatic injury. Pa...
Article
Snapping iliopsoas tendon
Snapping iliopsoas tendon is one of the external causes of a medial snapping hip and occurs when a portion of the iliopsoas tendon moves abruptly onto the superior pubic ramus leading to a snap.
Epidemiology
Most commonly affects athletes with repeated hip abduction (e.g. dancing, gymnastics,...
Article
Finger pulley injury
Finger pulley injuries can occur at any one of the five flexor tendon pulleys of the fingers, but most commonly affects the A2 pulley.
Clinical presentation
These are overwhelmingly the result of a discrete trauma occurring with the hand in a finger grip position. They are most frequently see...
Article
Iliopsoas bursitis
Iliopsoas bursitis usually presents as non-specific anterior hip pain and can be due to a number of causes, the three main causes being acute trauma, overuse injuries, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Pathology
Iliopsoas bursitis can occur primarily, e.g. overuse, secondary to a snapping iliopsoas te...
Article
Athlete heart syndrome
Athlete heart syndrome refers to adaptations in both cardiac structure and function seen in people engaged in high-performance and endurance physical exercise.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of the condition has increased due to the increased popularity of recreational exercise, approx 3.6/100,00...
Article
British Athletics muscle injury classification
The British Athletics muscle injury classification (BAMIC/BAC) is a five-point MRI-based system that is based on extent and site. It has been primarily based on hamstring injuries but is used in other muscle injuries. The classification system has been shown to have moderate inter- and intra-rat...
Article
Valgus extension overload syndrome
Valgus extension overload syndrome, also known as pitcher's elbow, refers to a constellation of symptoms and pathologies commonly seen in overhead throwing athletes secondary to high repetitive tensile, shear and compressive forces generated by the overhead throwing motion.
The syndrome may cor...
Article
Posteromedial elbow impingement
Posteromedial elbow impingement is a throwing-induced elbow injury caused by the mechanical bony or soft tissue abutment of the posteromedial elbow joint due to repetitive micro-trauma affecting the posteromedial fossa. It can occur in isolation or as one manifestation of valgus extension overlo...
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