Items tagged “stub”
1,307 results found
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Toothpaste sign
The toothpaste sign in spinal imaging represents an extrusion of an intervertebral disc into the epidural space. It is called after the shape of extruded material relatively to the parent disc in a sagittal plane.
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Trumpeted internal acoustic meatus sign
A trumpeted internal acoustic meatus (IAM) is an indirect sign of a vestibular schwannoma and is useful in helping to differentiate between one and other cerebellopontine angle entities, especially from a meningioma which typically does not extend into the meatus and is more often associated wit...
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Tubal ring sign
The tubal ring sign, also referred to as a bagel sign or blob sign, is one of the ultrasound signs of a tubal ectopic pregnancy. It comprises an echogenic ring that surrounds an unruptured ectopic pregnancy. It is said to have a 95% positive predictive value (PPV) for ectopic pregnancy.
Differe...
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Ductus deferens calcification
Calcification of the ductus deferens (vas deferens) can result from:
diabetes mellitus: most common 4
normal aging
chronic infection/inflammation: tends to be irregular (unilateral and segmental) unlike diabetic calcification 3
tuberculosis
syphilis
gonorrhea
schistosomiasis
chronic urin...
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Vasculitis
Vasculitis describes generalized inflammation of vessels. Vasculitides carry a broad range of clinical presentations and as a whole can involve almost any organ system.
Pathology
Some vasculitides are due to direct vessel injury from an infectious agent. However, a large proportion show eviden...
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Face of the giant panda sign (midbrain)
The face of the giant panda sign in neuroimaging refers to the appearance of the midbrain, when the red nucleus and substantia nigra are surrounded by high T2 signal in the tegmentum.
It is classically seen in Wilson disease, although whenever the white matter is diffusely abnormal in the regio...
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Notochord
The notochord represents the earliest fetal axial skeleton, extending from the Rathke pouch to the coccyx. It is a primitive cell line from which the skull base and vertebral column develop. The notochord is cylindrical and is replaced by sclerotomes that produce cartilage, and subsequently bone...
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Mental artery
The mental artery is a terminal branch of the inferior alveolar artery which itself is a branch of the first part of the maxillary artery. It emerges onto the face from the mandibular canal with the mental nerve at the mental foramen, and supplies muscles and skin in the chin region. The mental ...
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Masseteric artery
The masseteric artery is a small branch from the second part of the maxillary artery. It passes laterally through the mandibular notch to the deep surface of the masseter muscle. It supplies the muscle, and anastomoses with the masseteric branches of the external maxillary and with the transvers...
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Indusium griseum
The indusium griseum is a thin layer of grey matter which covers the superior surface of the corpus callosum, extending from the paraterminal gyrus anteriorly to the dentate gyrus and hippocampus posteriorly via the gyrus fasciolaris. It has four longitudinal bundles (medial and lateral longitud...
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Forceps minor
The forceps minor, also known as the anterior forceps, is a white matter fiber bundle which connects the lateral and medial surfaces of the frontal lobes and crosses the midline via the genu of the corpus callosum.
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Forceps major
The forceps major, also known as the posterior forceps, is a white matter fiber bundle that connects the occipital lobes from the splenium of the corpus callosum 3.
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Bouthillier classification of internal carotid artery segments
Alain Bouthillier et al. described a seven segment internal carotid artery classification system in 1996 1. It remains the most widely used system for describing the internal carotid artery segments.
A helpful mnemonic for remembering ICA segments is:
C'mon Please Learn Carotid Clinical Organ...
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Superior nasal concha
The superior nasal conchae or turbinates form one of the three pairs of conchae in the nose and represent part of the labyrinth of the ethmoid bone, arising as bony projections from its posterior surface.
The air passage between the superior nasal concha and the lateral nasal wall is known as t...
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Labyrinth of ethmoid bone
The labyrinth or lateral mass of the ethmoid bone consists of a number of thin-walled cellular cavities, the ethmoidal air cells, arranged in two groups: anterior and posterior, and interposed between two vertical plates of bone; the lateral plate forms part of the orbit, the medial, part of the...
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Ethmoid bone
The ethmoid bone is a single midline facial bone that separates the nasal cavity from the brain and is located at the roof of the nose and between the orbits. It is a cubical shape and is relatively lightweight because of its spongy construction and air-filled sinuses. It contributes to the ante...
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Pseudocysts of the germinal matrix
Pseudocysts of the germinal matrix can be present at birth in both pre-term and full-term infants and may be due to a variety of pathologic disorders, frequently occur following hemorrhage, but they are also found incidentally in otherwise normal infants.
They are defined as pseudocysts because...
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Medial lenticulostriate arteries
The medial lenticulostriate arteries are generally considered to arise from the A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and supply the globus pallidus and medial portion of the putamen 1,3.
They are shorter, thinner and fewer in number than the lateral lenticulostriate arteries, which ar...
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Lateral lenticulostriate arteries
The lateral lenticulostriate arteries arise from the proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA), usually from M1 segment, more rarely from the postbifurcation or M2 segment. They supply the lateral portion of the putamen and external capsule as well as the upper internal capsule.
They are longer (al...
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Pericallosal moustache
The pericallosal moustache is formed by small branches from the pericallosal arteries and their accompanying veins. These form what appears to be an upturned well groomed moustache (not unlike Salvador Dali) and outline the superior surface of the corpus callosum (pericallosal cistern).