Items tagged “stub”

1,307 results found
Article

Pericallosal artery

The pericallosal artery is the distal portion of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) that courses over the superior surface of the body of the corpus callosum in the pericallosal cistern. It gives off many small branches to the corpus callosum, forming the pericallosal moustache. Some authors de...
Article

Flat waist sign

The flat waist sign refers to flattening of the left heart border, specifically the contours of the aortic arch and adjacent pulmonary trunk. It is seen in severe left lower lobe collapse and is caused by leftward displacement and rotation of the heart. It is different to the straight left hear...
Article

CT angiogram sign (lungs)

The CT angiogram sign refers to vessels appearing prominent on contrast-enhanced CT as they traverse an airless low attenuation portion of consolidated lung 1,2. This sign has been associated with 1,2: lung adenocarcinoma 3 pulmonary lymphoma metastasis from gastrointestinal carcinom...
Article

Persistent otic artery

The persistent otic artery is one of the persistent carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses, although there is considerable controversy in regards to its existence. It is said to arise from the C2 (petrous) segment of the internal carotid artery within the carotid canal. This artery emerges from the...
Article

Persistent hypoglossal artery

A persistent hypoglossal artery is one of the persistent carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses. It is second in frequency to the trigeminal artery which is present approximately six times as often.  It arises from the distal cervical ICA segment, usually between the C1 and C3 vertebral level. Aft...
Article

Persistent proatlantal intersegmental artery

The proatlantal intersegmental artery is also known as the type I proatlantal artery, and is one of the persistent carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses. It arises from the internal carotid artery (similar to the persistent hypoglossal artery) but instead of heading for the hypoglossal canal, it j...
Article

Pneumothorax in supine projection

A pneumothorax does not display classical signs when a patient is positioned supine for a chest radiograph as commonly occurs in acute trauma or the critical care setting. Of course, pneumothoraces are common in both these scenarios and even relatively small pneumothoraces may be significant due...
Article

Superior cerebral veins

The superior cerebral veins drain the superior portion of the cerebral cortex. They run up and medially before draining into the superior sagittal sinus. In a proportion of patients, a large such vein connects the superficial middle cerebral vein to the sinus, and is known as the superior anasto...
Article

Extraneural spread of intracranial neoplasm

Extraneural spread of primary intracranial neoplasm is distinctly uncommon, occurring far less frequently than CSF spread.  The most frequent neoplasms to do so, in decreasing order of frequency, are: glioblastoma (GBM) meningioma medulloblastoma
Article

Femoral nerve neuropathy

Femoral nerve neuropathy is an uncommon peripheral neuropathy, which most commonly occurs when the femoral nerve is compressed as it passes under the inguinal ligament, anterior to the iliopsoas muscle. Clinical presentation groin pain loss of power of hip flexion and knee extension loss/red...
Article

Pterygoid fovea

The pterygoid fovea is a small depression on the anteromedial surface of the condylar process of the mandible marking the attachment of the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid muscle.
Article

Temporalis muscle

The temporalis muscle is one of the muscles of mastication. It is responsible for both elevation and retraction of the mandible. Summary origin: temporal fossa between the infratemporal crest and inferior temporal line on the parietal bone; deep surface of the temporalis fascia insertion: cor...
Article

Stuck temporomandibular joint disc

A stuck disc, also called anchored disc phenomenon, refers to a temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc which does not translate anteriorly out of the mandibular fossa onto the articular eminence but rather remains (thus "stuck") in the fossa. It is a form of TMJ dysfunction. Clinical presentation ...
Article

Liddle syndrome

Liddle's syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition which inhibits the normal degradation of the ENaC sodium channel, resulting in findings that mimic Conn's syndrome (hyperaldosteronism); hypernatremia, hypokalemia and elevated serum bicarbonate. Typically patients are asymptomatic other than ...
Article

Appendicolith

An appendicolith is a calcified deposit within the appendix. They are present in a large number of children with acute appendicitis and may be an incidental finding on an abdominal radiograph or CT. Incidence may be increased among patients with a retrocecal appendix. Overall they are seen in 10...
Article

Congenital infections (mnemonic)

The group of the most common congenital infections are referred to by the mnemonic TORCH or STORCH. They usually cause mild maternal morbidity but are related to serious fetal consequences 4. In cases where no serological, microbiological or immunological evidence of infection can be identified...
Article

Abdominal cavity

The abdominal cavity is divided into two major compartments, the peritoneum and retroperitoneum, early in fetal development. The parietal peritoneum is reflected over the peritoneal organs, forming supporting peritoneal ligaments, mesenteries, and omenta. The peritoneal reflections carry vess...
Article

Sigmoid mesocolon

The sigmoid mesocolon is a fold of peritoneum that attaches the sigmoid colon to the pelvic wall.  It is one of the four mesenteries in the abdominal cavity. It has an "inverted V" line of attachment, the apex of which is near the division of the left common iliac artery. It has two limbs: th...
Article

Flat floor of fourth ventricle sign

The flat floor of fourth ventricle sign is useful in detecting a pontine mass and is a sign of mass effect. The normal floor of the fourth ventricle (remember that the floor is anterior) normally slopes upwards towards the midline, with the facial colliculi visible on either side.  It is a non-...
Article

Tegmentum

The tegmentum is one of the areas of the brainstem. It is a phylogenetically old part of the brainstem and, in adults, is the location of the brainstem nuclei 1. It is located centrally between the distinctive basal (ventral) features of the midbrain, pons and medulla, and the ventricular system...

Updating… Please wait.

 Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.

 Thank you for updating your details.