Items tagged “tumour”

Haemangioblastomas are tumours of vascular origin and occur both sporadically and in patients with von Hippel Lindau disease. They are WHO grade 1 tumours, which can occur in the central nervous system or elsewhere in the body, including kidneys, liver, and pancreas. These tumours generally pre...

Osteoid osteomas are benign bone-forming tumours that typically occur in children (particularly adolescents). They have a characteristic lucent nidus <1.5 or 2 cm and surrounding osteosclerotic reaction, which classically causes night pain that is relieved by the use of NSAIDs. Epidemiology Os...

Ovarian tumours are relatively common and account for ~6% of female malignancies. This article focuses on the general classification of ovarian tumours. For specific tumour features, please refer to the relevant subarticles. Pathology Subtypes Primary ovarian tumours Surface epithelial-strom...

Optic pathway gliomas are relatively uncommon tumours, with a variable clinical course and usually seen in the setting of neurofibromatosis type I (NF1). Histologically the majority are pilocytic astrocytomas. They are characterised by imaging by an enlarged optic nerve seen either on CT or MRI...

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), also called urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC), is the most common primary malignancy of the urinary tract and may be found along its entire length, from the renal pelvis to the bladder.  As imaging findings and treatment vary according to where along the urinary...

Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder is a rare benign mesenchymal tumour of the bladder. The most common presenting complaints are urinary voiding symptoms such as obstruction and irritation.  These leiomyomas exhibit imaging characteristics on ultrasound, CT and MRI similar to those of uterine lei...

Endometrioid carcinomas of the ovary are a subtype of epithelial ovarian tumours. The vast majority are malignant and invasive. On imaging, they are usually characterised as complex, non-specific solid-cystic masses, and are associated with endometriosis.  Epidemiology Endometrioid carcinomas ...

Choroid plexus carcinomas are malignant neoplasms arising from the choroid plexus. They are classified as a WHO grade 3 tumour and while there is considerable overlap in imaging characteristics they carry a significantly poorer prognosis than both WHO grade 2 atypical choroid plexus papilloma, a...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Intracranial tumours comprise a heterogeneous group of tumours. In adult patients, the majority represent metastatic disease with a smaller proportion being primary brain tumours. Metastasis to the brain occurs, most common...

The half-moon sign describes the morphology of bone marrow oedema at the femoral neck on fluid-sensitive MRI sequences, which can be seen in osteoid osteoma or stress fractures 1-3.  Differential diagnosis intra-articular osteoid osteoma in patients without a history of overuse, it is highly ...

Apical chest masses are often important and may be missed, especially when examined with a plain chest radiograph. It is always recommended to perform a targeted assessment of the apices of the lungs during a chest x-ray; they are one of the classic review areas. Pathology Aetiology Commonly ...

The central scar in hepatic lesions most frequently has been described in focal nodular hyperplasia which the scar is T2 hyperintense and usually non-calcified, and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, where the scar is T2 hypointense and often calcified. Scars do not have to be exactly centr...