Items tagged “ultrasound”
506 results found
Article
Fetal ventriculomegaly
Fetal ventriculomegaly refers to the presence of dilated cerebral ventricles in utero.
Important in itself, it is also associated with other CNS anomalies.
Epidemiology
Using the current sonographic cut-off criteria (see radiographic features below), the estimated prevalence may be at ~0.9% o...
Article
Placental lake
Placental (venous) lakes refer to a phenomenon of formation of hypoechoic cystic spaces centrally within the placenta. Finding placental lakes during a second trimester ultrasound scan is not associated with any uteroplacental complication or with an adverse pregnancy outcome. They can, however,...
Article
Velamentous cord insertion
Velamentous cord insertion is a type of abnormal umbilical cord insertion into the placenta.
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence is ~1% in singleton and 9-15% in twin pregnancies, respectively 11. It is also more common in placenta previa than in normally located placentas. The prevalence may...
Article
Marginal cord insertion
Marginal cord insertion, also known as a 'battledore insertion', is a type of abnormal cord insertion.
Terminology
Insertion of the umbilical cord within <2 cm from the placental margin is described as marginal cord insertion (usually defined as <2 cm 5, although some references define it as <...
Case
Ureterocele (bilateral)
Published
16 Apr 2011
69% complete
Ultrasound
X-ray
Article
Placenta percreta
Placenta percreta is a term given to the most severe but least common form of the placenta accreta spectrum disorders, where there is a transmural extension of placental tissue across the myometrium with a serosal breach. It carries severe maternal as well as fetal risks.
The milder end of the ...
Article
Placenta increta
Placenta increta is an intermediate level in the placenta accreta spectrum disorders and accounts for ~20% of such cases. The placental villi extend beyond the confines of the endometrium and invade the myometrium but do not reach the uterine serosa.
The ends of the spectrum of abnormal placen...
Article
Pyosalpinx
Pyosalpinx refers to a fallopian tube that is filled, and often distended, with pus.
Pathology
A pyosalpinx often tends to be a complication of background pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Inflammation results in tubal and peritubal adhesions with superimposed obstruction of the fimbrial end....
Case
Submandibular sialolithiasis (ultrasound)
Published
24 May 2011
63% complete
Ultrasound
Article
Anhydramnios
Anhydramnios is a term where there is a complete or near-complete lack of amniotic fluid (sometimes referred to as "liquor volume").
Pathology
Anhydramnios can result in a number of situations:
fetal renal tract anomalies
Potter syndrome (bilateral renal agenesis): most common
large ureter...
Article
Hematosalpinx
A hematosalpinx refers to intraluminal blood within the fallopian tube (often dilated).
Pathology
Etiology
tubal ectopic pregnancy: common cause 1
endometriosis: common cause 5
tubal carcinoma
pelvic inflammatory disease
fallopian tube torsion
retrograde menstruation
uterine cervical s...
Article
Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy
Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is a rare type of abnormal implantation. It is often considered the rarest type of ectopic pregnancy, although some do not include it in this category as implantation occurs within the uterus, instead preferring the term "cesarean scar pregnancy" 6.
Epidemiology
...
Case
Subclavian artery aneurysm
Published
28 Jul 2011
78% complete
Ultrasound
MRI
Article
Ovarian serous cystadenoma
Ovarian serous cystadenomas are a type of benign ovarian epithelial tumor at the benign end of the spectrum of ovarian serous tumors.
Terminology
Serous ovarian tumors are traditionally described with a "cyst-" prefix because of their primarily cystic composition, e.g. cystadenoma, cystadenoca...
Case
Urachal cyst
Published
30 Jul 2011
66% complete
Ultrasound
Article
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma is the malignant form of ovarian serous tumor, the most common type of ovarian epithelial tumor. It is the most common type of ovarian malignancy.
Increasingly, high-grade serous carcinoma and low-grade serous carcinoma are recognized as distinct tumor types ra...
Article
Ovarian fibrothecoma
Ovarian fibrothecomas comprise tumors in the spectrum of ovarian sex cord / stromal tumors where there are components of both an ovarian fibroma and an ovarian thecoma.
Epidemiology
Most occur in adult women, with ~66% in postmenopausal women. Although they account for ~1% of all ovarian tumo...
Article
Complete hydatidiform mole
A complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is a type of molar pregnancy and falls at the benign end of the spectrum of gestational trophoblastic disease.
Epidemiology
A complete hydatidiform mole is the commonest type of gestational trophoblastic disease.
Pathology
Complete moles are characterized ...
Case
Pneumoperitoneum
Published
29 Aug 2011
68% complete
Ultrasound
X-ray
Article
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary
Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are a type of sex cord / stromal ovarian tumor.
It can be divided into two broad subtypes:
adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: much more common and accounts for ~95% of cases 5
juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary
Epidemiology
Sex cord-stromal t...
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