Items tagged “urethra”
17 results found
Article
Urothelial cell carcinoma (urethra)
Urothelial cell carcinoma of the urethra (formerly transitional cell carcinoma) is rare and is almost always limited to the proximal urethra in men (membranous and prostatic). The vast majority of urethral malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas.
This article concerns itself with transitional...
Article
Urethral diverticulum
Urethral diverticula, or urethroceles, are focal outpouchings of the urethra. They should not be confused with a ureterocele of the distal ureter.
Epidemiology
Urethral diverticula occur far more frequently in women than in men and are estimated to occur in 1-6% of women, especially those with...
Article
Tumors of the male urethra
Tumors of the male urethra are uncommon. They can be categorized both on the grounds of histology and location.
Histology
squamous cell carcinoma of the urethra: 80%
urothelial/transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra: 15% (predominantly posterior urethra)
adenocarcinoma of the urethra: 5%...
Article
Primary urethral malignant melanoma
Melanoma of the urethra is a very rare tumor of the male urethra and often presents as an invasive prostatic mass. As such it is usually referred to as primary prostatic malignant melanoma.
Article
Artificial urethral sphincters
Artificial urethral sphincters, also known as inflatable artificial sphincters and urinary control systems, are devices used for the treatment of urinary stress incontinence (e.g. due to pelvic floor dysfunction in females or prostate surgery in males) and are sometimes used in combination with ...
Article
Urethral stricture
Urethral strictures are relatively common and typically occur either in the setting of trauma or infection.
Epidemiology
The demographics of the affected population is dictated by the etiology, but in general, it is safe to say that adult males make up the vast majority of cases.
Clinical pre...
Article
Posterior urethral valves
Posterior urethral valves (PUV), also referred to as congenital obstructing posterior urethral membranes (COPUM), are the most common congenital obstructive lesion of the urethra and a common cause of obstructive uropathy in infancy.
Epidemiology
Posterior urethral valves are congenital and on...
Article
Keyhole sign (posterior urethral valves)
The keyhole sign is an ultrasonographic sign seen in boys with posterior urethral valves. It refers to the appearance of the proximal urethra (which is dilated) and an associated thick walled distended bladder which on ultrasound may resemble a keyhole.
Article
Urethral diverticulum adenocarcinoma
Urethral diverticulum adenocarcinoma is a rare occurrence in a urethral diverticulum.
Epidemiology
Urethral diverticulum seen in ~0.6-6% of women. In small series, only 3-6% of resected urethral diverticula show adenocarcinoma 3-4.
Clinical features
Urinary frequency, urgency, burning mictur...
Article
Spinning top urethra
Spinning top urethra is non-obstructive posterior urethral dilatation seen on voiding cystourethrography, mainly in females. It was initially considered as an indicator of distal urethral narrowing/stenosis. However, it is now believed to be due to functional discoordinate voiding or bladder ins...
Article
Hematuria (adult)
Hematuria occurs when blood enters the urinary collecting system and is excreted in the urine. There are many etiologies for hematuria, and they range from benign and transient to gravely concerning. Hematuria can derive from the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate (in men), or urethra. Imaging ...
Article
Cobb's collar
Cobb's collar (also known as a Moormann's ring or congenital narrowing of the bulbar urethra) is a membranous stricture of the bulbar urethra just downstream of the external urethral sphincter. It is sometimes referred to as a type III posterior urethral valve, and does not maintain a connection...
Article
Fossa navicularis (urethra)
The fossa navicularis refers to a normal mild dilatation of the urethra. It occurs at the most distal/downstream portion of the urethra.
It is more evident in males, where it occurs in the penile/pendulous urethra, near the urethral meatus. There is also a fossa navicularis in women: the more f...
Article
Urethral clamps
Various radiological and surgical instruments, including urethral clamps, have been developed to try to improve retrograde/ascending urethrogram (RUG/ASU) and voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) technique in males. These are very rarely (if ever) used anymore.
Brodny clamp
This device has a metall...
Article
Paraurethral glands
Paraurethral glands (or Skene glands) lie within the wall of the distal female urethra and secrete mucus during sexual activity. Each gland is drained by a single paraurethral (Skene) duct. They are homologous to the male prostate gland.
If the paraurethral duct becomes obstructed (inflammation...
Article
Urethral duplication
Urethral duplication is a rare condition in which either a part of the entire urethra is duplicated. It usually occurs in the sagittal plane and the more dorsal copy is usually the duplication.
Pathology
Urethral duplications may occur due to a variety of developmental anomalies. In females, i...
Article
Primary urethral cancer
Primary urethral cancer, in most cases a urethral carcinoma, is a rare urological malignancy. It can be divided into female urethral cancer and male urethral cancer.
Epidemiology
It has an incidence of 4.3 per million for males and 1.5 per million for females. It usually manifests in the 5th d...
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