Items tagged “uterus”
17 results found
Article
Bicornuate uterus
A bicornuate uterus is a type of uterine duplication anomaly. It can be classified as a class IV Mullerian duct anomaly.
Epidemiology
Overall, congenital uterine anomalies occur in ~1.5% of females (range 0.1-3%). Bicornuate uteri are thought to represent ~25% (range 10-39%) of Mullerian duct ...
Article
Uterus didelphys
Uterus didelphys is a type of Müllerian duct anomaly (class III) where there is a complete duplication of uterine horns as well as duplication of the cervix, with no communication between them.
Epidemiology
Didelphic uteri account for approximately ~8% (range 5-11%) of Müllerian duct anomali...
Article
Uterus
The uterus is an extraperitoneal hollow, thick-walled, muscular organ of the female reproductive tract that lies in the lesser pelvis.
Gross anatomy
The uterus has an inverted pear shape. It measures about 7.5 cm in length, 5 cm wide at its upper part, and nearly 2.5 cm in thickness in adults....
Article
Müllerian duct anomaly classification
The Müllerian duct anomaly classification is a seven-class system that can be used to describe a number of embryonic Müllerian duct anomalies:
class I: uterine agenesis/uterine hypoplasia
a: vaginal (uterus: normal/variety of abnormal forms)
b: cervical
c: fundal
d: tub...
Article
Arcuate uterus
An arcuate uterus is a mildly variant shape of the uterus. It is technically one of the Müllerian duct anomalies, but is often classified as a normal variant. It is the uterine anomaly that is least commonly associated with reproductive failure. Arcuate uterus can be characterized with ultrasoun...
Article
Unicornuate uterus
A unicornuate uterus or unicornis unicollis is a type of Müllerian duct anomaly (class II). It is also known as a banana-shaped uterus6,7, because of the shape the single horn assumes, and it usually drains into a single fallopian tube.
Epidemiology
This type can account for ~10% (range 6-13%)...
Article
Uterine agenesis
Uterine agenesis is the extreme of Mullerian duct anomalies (Class I) where there is a complete absence of uterine tissue above the vagina.
Epidemiology
The uterine agenesis-hypoplasia spectrum accounts for ~10-15% of all Müllerian duct anomalies.
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation...
Article
Endometrial thickness
Endometrial thickness is a commonly measured parameter on routine gynecological ultrasound and MRI. The appearance, as well as the thickness of the endometrium, will depend on whether the patient is of reproductive age or postmenopausal and, if of reproductive age, at what point in the menstrual...
Article
Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis (or uterine adenomyosis) is a common uterine condition of ectopic endometrial tissue in the myometrium, sometimes considered a spectrum of endometriosis. Although most commonly asymptomatic, it may present with menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea.
Pelvic imaging (i.e. ultrasound, MRI) may ...
Article
Adenomyoma
An adenomyoma is a focal region of adenomyosis resulting in a mass, which is difficult to distinguish from a uterine fibroid, although in general the degree to which the contour of the uterus is distorted is less marked in adenomyosis 2. Additionally, the 'mass' is poorly defined and blends with...
Article
Cystic adenomyosis
Cystic adenomyosis is a rare variant of adenomyosis and is believed to be the result of repeated focal hemorrhages resulting in cystic spaces filled with altered blood products.
Radiographic features
MRI
MRI is the most sensitive and specific imaging modality for this diagnosis and will demon...
Article
Uterine leiomyoma
Uterine leiomyomas, also known as uterine fibroids, are benign tumors of myometrial origin and are the most common solid benign uterine neoplasms. Commonly an incidental finding on imaging, they rarely cause a diagnostic dilemma.
Epidemiology
They are clinically apparent in ~25% of women of re...
Article
Asherman syndrome
Asherman syndrome, also known as uterine synechiae, is a condition characterized by the formation of intrauterine adhesions, which are usually sequela from injury to the endometrium and is often associated with infertility.
Epidemiology
There is a tendency for the condition to develop soon aft...
Article
Uterine lipoleiomyoma
Uterine lipoleiomyomas result from degeneration of smooth muscle cells in an ordinary leiomyoma and represent a rare benign tumor of the uterus 1.
Epidemiology
Lipoleiomyomas have a reported incidence of 0.03-0.20% and are typically found in postmenopausal patients with typical uterine leiomyo...
Article
Uterine leiomyosarcoma
Uterine leiomyosarcomas are malignant uterine tumors that arise from the myometrium. The uterus is the commonest location for a leiomyosarcoma.
Epidemiology
Typically, these tumors present in women in the 6th decade. They account for up to one-third of uterine sarcomas but only ~8% of all uter...
Article
Menouria
Menouria, also called Youssef syndrome, is an uncommon condition in which a vesicouterine fistula results in cyclic hematuria. Vesicouterine fistulas are the rarest of all urinary fistulas, accounting for just 4% of all such fistulas 3. It occurs most commonly after cesarean section.
Clinical p...
Article
Uterine inversion
Uterine inversion is a rare condition in which the uterus is essentially turned inside out. There are two types: "puerperal" (within six weeks of childbirth) and "non-puerperal". The reason for uterine inversion is unclear. In the puerperal form, it is theorized that excessive traction on the um...