Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
163 results found
Article
Endovascular clot retrieval (ECR)
Endovascular clot retrieval (ECR), also known as mechanical thrombectomy (MT) or endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), is increasingly performed in patients presenting with large vessel occlusion (LVO), especially those with a large ischemic penumbra that is likely to progress to ischemic stroke. To ...
Article
Venous intravasation
Venous intravasation is the unintended introduction of radiographic contrast material into the local venous system. It is a well-recognized phenomenon during retrograde urethrograms 1,2 and hysterosalpingograms (HSG), although can occur with other invasive procedures in the vicinity of venous pl...
Article
CT guided percutaneous drainage
CT guided percutaneous drainage is one form of image-guided drainage, allowing minimally invasive treatment of collections, potentially anywhere in the body. Although less commonly used than ultrasound guidance, it is particularly valuable in gaining access to deeper or more posterior parts of t...
Article
Endovascular arteriovenous fistula creation
Endovascular arteriovenous fistula creation is a minimally invasive alternative for the creation of arteriovenous fistulae for haemodialysis access.
Technique
Catheter-based technology and image guidance in the form of ultrasound and fluoroscopy is utilized create a side-to-side anastomosis be...
Article
Splenic artery embolization
Splenic artery embolization is an endovascular technique for treatment of splenic and splenic artery pathology as an alternative to splenic artery ligation or splenectomy. It often results in successfully treating the underlying pathology, while maintaining at least partial splenic function.
I...
Article
Hip joint injection (technique)
Hip joint injections can be performed with a variety of image guidance, including fluoroscopy and ultrasound, which are used to administer MRI arthrogram injectate, or a steroid containing anesthetic arthrogram injectate.
Indications
MRI: labral injury
anesthetic
pain/arthropathy, e.g. ost...
Article
MR arthrogram solution
MR arthrogram solution is a gadolinium-containing mixture injected into a joint for MR arthrography.
Terminology
Fluoroscopy, ultrasound or CT guidance can be used to cannulate a joint, which is then injected with the MR arthrogram solution. MR arthrogram solutions differ in different instit...
Article
Flow-diverter stent
Flow-diverter stents are important devices in the management of intracranial aneurysms in both acute and elective settings, especially ones that are large, broad-necked, or fusiform.
Complications
Understanding the complication rates is important in obtaining informed consent from patients. In...
Article
Percutaneous renal biopsy
Percutaneous renal biopsy, utilizing either ultrasound or CT, allows for an accurate, reliable method of acquiring renal tissue for histopathological assessment.
The biopsy may be of a native or transplant kidney. It is divided into two types:
non-focal or non-targeted
focal or targeted (i.e....
Article
CT guided adrenal biopsy
CT guided adrenal biopsy is usually performed for the diagnosis of indeterminate adrenal nodules or tumors. This procedure has steadily declined in use since 1990s due to improvements in, and validation of, non-invasive CT and MR techniques that can now diagnose benign adrenal lesions with a hig...
Article
Percutaneous cholecystostomy
Percutaneous cholecystostomy is the image-guided placement of a drainage catheter into the gallbladder lumen. This minimally invasive procedure can aid in patient stabilization in order to enable a more measured surgical approach with time for therapeutic planning.
A 2018 study demonstrated no ...
Article
Thoracic duct embolization
Thoracic duct embolization (TDE) is a safe, efficacious treatment for chylothorax 1. Chylothoraces with a low drain output (<1L/day) are traditionally managed conservatively with dietary change, whilst high output (>1L/d) are managed with surgical thoracic duct (TD) ligation 2.
Thoracic duct em...
Article
CT myelography
CT myelography (CTM) is a myelography technique used mainly to assess for potential spinal canal stenosis when MRI is contraindicated or when dynamic imaging is required.
History
CT myelography was first performed in 1976 2 and became the gold standard for imaging the spinal canal and cord unt...
Article
Subtalar joint injection (technique)
Subtalar joint injections are most often performed for osteoarthritis with injection into the posterior subtalar joint. Ultrasound, fluoroscopy and CT guidance can be used.
Indications
osteoarthritis
diagnostic
Contraindications
Absolute
anaphylaxis to contrast/injectates
active local/sy...
Article
Quadratus femoris injection (technique)
Quadratus femoris injections under image guidance ensure precise delivery of an injectate into the quadratus femoris muscle and ensure the sciatic nerve is avoided during the procedure. CT and ultrasound can be used, with ultrasound becoming more challenging in those with larger body habitus.
...
Article
Charles T Dotter
Charles T Dotter (1920-1985) is often considered the father of interventional radiology who in 1964 performed the very first peripheral angioplasty, and made many other major contributions in this field.
Early life
Charles Theodore Dotter was born in Boston on 14 June 1920. He graduated with a...
Article
Radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG)
A Radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG), or percutaneous radiological gastrostomy (RPG), is a procedure where a gastrostomy tube is inserted percutaneously into the stomach under fluoroscopic guidance, principally to provide nutritional support for patients with swallowing disorders 1. Gastr...
Article
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a procedure where a flexible feeding tube (commonly known as a PEG tube) is inserted through the abdominal wall and into the stomach via endoscopy. Alternatively a tube can be placed under radiological guidance, known as a radiologically inserted gast...
Article
Rotator cuff calcific tendinitis barbotage
Rotator cuff calcific tendonitis can be treated with various techniques including ultrasound-guided barbotage, which is also known as ultrasound-guided needling and lavage. It is often performed in conjunction with a subacromial bursal injection. Alternative treatments include extracorporeal sho...
Article
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles are type of permanent embolization agent used in interventional radiological procedures.
Mechanism of action
When injected, PVA particles adhere ot the vessel wall, activating the coagulation cascade and leading to vessel occlusion by provoking thrombus format...
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