Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
1,108 results found
Article
T1 hyperintense renal lesions
T1 hyperintense renal lesions are a group of lesions that show high signal characteristics on T1-weighted MRI compared to the adjacent normal renal parenchyma.
The differential diagnoses for this group include:
hemorrhagic and/or highly proteinaceous renal cyst
papillary renal cell carcinoma ...
Article
Augmentation cystoplasty
Augmentation cystoplasty is a surgical procedure utilized in adults to treat low-capacity, compliant, or refractory overactive bladder. Additionally, it is beneficial for pediatric patients needing reconstruction of the lower urinary tract following congenital urological abnormalities like bladd...
Article
Ureterosciatic hernia
Ureterosciatic hernias are a very rare form of pelvic sciatic hernia and occurs when the ureter passes through the greater or lesser sciatic foramen 1.
Epidemiology
Ureterosciatic hernias most commonly occur in women aged 40 to 60 years 4.
Clinical presentation
Symptoms vary based on involve...
Article
Increased fetal renal echogenicity
Increased fetal renal echogenicity is a non-specific sonographic finding with no underlying cause seen in many cases, although it is a potential indicator of underlying disease due to the association with numerous pathologies (especially if accompanied by enlargement) 1:
chromosomal abnormaliti...
Article
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome (HSES) is a rare pediatric encephalopathy syndrome with a high mortality rate.
Epidemiology
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome is considered rare, although the exact global incidence and prevalence is not known. The condition occurs in i...
Article
Systemic lupus erythematosus (renal manifestations)
Renal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus include several conditions secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) effecting the kidneys. While lupus nephritis drives kidney damage in many patients other entities considered by some but not all separate, such as lupus podocytopathy, ...
Article
Systemic lupus erythematosus (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to remember the clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus is:
MD SOAP BRAIN
Mnemonic
M: malar "butterfly" rash
D: discoid rash
S: serositis
O: oral ulcers
A: ANA positive
P: photosensitivity, pleuritis/pericarditis
B: blood (hematologic) abnormality
R: renal disease ...
Article
Loss of corticomedullary differentiation
A loss of corticomedullary differentiation is an imaging feature where renal cortex and medulla is no longer able to be seen as different structures.
Pathology
It can be detected usually by ultrasound or MRI (and in some instances on contrast CT) with a large number of variable pathological c...
Article
Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-RCC)
Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-RCC) is a very rare type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It can be part of the hereditary leiomyomatosis and RCC (HLRCC) syndrome (germline mutation) or it can be sporadic (somatic mutation). As opposed to conventional RCC, it affects younger ...
Article
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors of the urogenital system
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) of the urogenital system are rare benign lesions, and just a few cases are reported with spermatic cord, scrotal and penile origins 1.
Please refer to the article on inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors for a broad discussion.
Clinical presentation
...
Article
Ureteral stricture
Ureteral or ureteric strictures are narrowing of the ureter that result in functional obstruction. It can occur anywhere along the ureter but is commonly seen at the ureteropelvic junction.
Epidemiology
The incidence of post-ureteroscopy strictures has increased from 0.5 to 1.4% 1,2. Studies a...
Article
Uremic pericarditis
Uremic pericarditis is form of pericarditis that may occur in patients with a high blood urea nitrogen level.
Epidemiology
Uremic pericarditis was more common in the pre-dialysis era but now is occasionally encountered when there is an inadequate removal of uremic toxins.
Radiographic feature...
Article
Signet ring sign (renal papillary necrosis)
The signet ring sign has been described as one of the possible appearances of the papillary excavation seen in renal papillary necrosis on intravenous urography or retrograde urography 1. The contrast fills a circumferential necrotic cavity around the tip of the necrotic papilla.
See also
sign...
Article
Gardner-Silengo-Wachtel syndrome
Gardner-Silengo-Wachtel syndrome, also known as genito-palato-cardiac syndrome, is a rare male (46XY) gonadal dysgenesis condition that is assumed to be either an X-linked recessive or an autosomal recessive disorder 1.
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence is at <1 in 1,000,000 live births.
P...
Article
Funiculus (disambiguation)
The funiculus (plural: funiculi) is an anatomical term and means a cordlike structure. It may refer to:
funiculus (medulla oblongata)
funiculus (fourth ventricle)
funiculus (male genitals)
funiculus (spinal cord)
funiculus (umbilicus)
funiculus (wrist ligament)
History and etymology
The ...
Article
Fetal urinary bladder
The fetal urinary bladder, also known as the bladder bubble, is visible as an anechoic cyst on ultrasound in most fetuses from 12-13 weeks of gestation 1.
The size of the bladder is denoted by measuring the longitudinal bladder diameter from superiorly to inferiorly in the sagittal plane. Age-r...
Article
Prostatic stromal nodule
Prostatic stromal nodules are type of nodule that can arise from benign prostatic hyperplasia. They may comprise of immature mesenchymal, fibroblastic, fibromuscular and smooth muscular elements.
Radiographic features
MRI
They are typically seen in the transitional zone or occasionally may pr...
Article
Renal autotransplant
A renal autotransplant is an uncommon procedure in which a kidney is resected from its native site and implanted in a new location.
Indications
This infrequently performed procedure is most commonly done for 1,3:
loin pain hematuria syndrome
ureteric stricture
vascular disease
...
Article
Pyelolithiasis
Pyelolithiasis is calculus or calculi located centrally within the renal pelvis.
Terminology
Other terminologies that may be used interchangeably with pyelolithiasis to refer to these calculi include renal stones, urolithiasis, and nephrolithiasis. A calculus located within the renal calyx can...
Article
Mondor disease (penis)
Penile Mondor disease is a benign self-limiting condition of the penis characterized by thrombophlebitis of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis or one of its tributaries.
Mondor disease also occurs in the breast and axilla.
Epidemiology
It usually occurs in sexually active young adults. ...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.