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Mellado-Bencardino classification of Morel-Lavallée lesions

The Mellado-Bencardino classification of Morel-Lavallée lesions is based on shape, signal and enhancement characteristics, and the presence or absence of a capsule 1: type I: laminar-shaped and seroma-like with increased T2 signal type II: oval-shape that resembles a subacute hematoma with in...

LaPrade classification system of meniscal root tears

The LaPrade classification system of meniscal root tears characterizes meniscal root tears based on morphology. The system was originally conceived based on arthroscopy 1,2. Usage It has to be emphasized that this is a primarily arthroscopic classification system, however, the same morphologi...

Genant classification of vertebral fractures

The Genant classification of vertebral fractures is based on the vertebral shape, with respect to vertebral height loss involving the anterior, posterior, and/or middle vertebral body as seen on lateral radiographs of the thoracic or lumbar spine 1. Usage The Genant classification has been use...

Goutallier classification of rotator cuff muscle fatty degeneration

The Goutallier classification is a classification system used to quantify the amount of fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscles, particularly in the context of rotator cuff tendon tears. Although originally described in shoulder CT 1, it is applicable and now most commonly used in MR. It ...

Odontoid fracture

Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. Pathology The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Classification There are two...

Meyers and McKeever classification of ACL avulsion fractures

Meyers and McKeever classification of ACL avulsion fractures is the most frequently employed system to describe ACL avulsion fractures. Classification Under the Meyers and McKeever system (with modifications by Zaricznyj) injuries are classified into four main types: type 1: minimally/nondisp...

McAfee classification of thoracolumbar spinal fractures

McAfee classification of acute traumatic spinal injuries is one of a number of thoracolumbar spinal fracture classification systems and is based on the three-column concept of the spine (of Denis). It requires CT for an accurate assessment. Usage Unlike the more common formal and widely used c...

Osteoarthritis of the hip (grading)

Osteoarthritis of the hip can be graded according to its severity. Classification Plain radiograph Different grading schemes are described for plain radiographs of the hip: grade 0: normal grade 1: possible joint space narrowing and subtle osteophytes grade 2: definite joint space narrowin...

Pomeranz MRI classification of Achilles tendon disorders

The Pomeranz MRI classification of Achilles tendon disorders classifies grade 0 as normal tendon, grades IA, IB, and II as abnormal intratendinous signal (tendinopathy), and grade III as complete rupture with retraction. Classification grade 0: homogeneous hypointensity (normal) ± peritendinou...

Berndt and Harty classification

Berndt and Harty classification is used for osteochondral lesions of the talus. Classification stage I: subchondral bone compression (marrow edema) stage II stage IIa: subchondral cyst stage IIb: incomplete separation of fragment stage III: complete separation but no displacement stage IV...

Eaton classification of volar plate avulsion injury

The Eaton classification can be used to classify volar plate avulsion injuries of the fingers. Usage Along with the Keifhaber-Stern classification, this classification is considered (c. 2016) one of the most useful classifications for the management of volar plate avulsion injuries 2. Knowle...

Lunate morphology

Several classification systems exist for the lunate morphology 1, 2. Classification The lunate classification proposed by Viegas et al. is arguably the most relevant 3: type I lunate: single distal articular facet for the capitate type II lunate: additional distal articular facet medially f...

Lichtman classification of Kienböck disease

The Lichtman classification is the most used classification system when assessing Kienböck disease. The Lichtman classification is proposed to guide management and assess prognosis. Classification stage 0: prenecrotic stage I: normal radiograph, osteonecrosis noticeable on MRI or bone scan ...

Walch classification of glenoid morphology

The Walch classification of glenoid morphology in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis is the most commonly used system to describe this pathology. It was initially measured on 5 mm thick slices on axial CT scans of the shoulder 1, which had mixed results for inter- and intra-observer agreement...

Gertzbein and Robbins classification

The Gertzbein and Robbins classification assesses the position of transpedicular screws. Classification Transpedicular screw position is graded from A to E based on the extent by which the screw breaches the cortex of the pedicle 1-3: A: fully intrapedicular position without breach of the ped...

Keifhaber-Stern classification of volar plate avulsion injuries

The Keifhaber-Stern classification can be used to classify volar plate avulsion injuries of the fingers. Usage Along with the Eaton classification, this classification is considered (c. 2016) one of the most useful for the management of volar plate avulsion injuries 2. For Keifhaber-Stern cl...

Grading of brachial plexus injuries

According to CT myelography, brachial plexus injuries can be classified into six types 1: N type: normal root sleeve and nerve roots A1 type: slightly deformed root sleeves and nerve roots as compared to unaffected site A2 type: obliteration of the tip of root sleeves and deformed thickened n...

Herring (Lateral Pillar) classification of Legg-Calvè-Perthes disease

Classification of Legg-Calvè-Perthes disease based on the height of the lateral pillar: Group A : No involvement of the lateral pillar with no density changes identified. Group B : at least 50% of the lateral pillar height maintained Group C: less than 50% of the lateral pillar maintained Th...

Kuwada classification of Achilles tendon tear

The Kuwada classification of Achilles tendon tear was proposed in 1990 4 and remains the most widely used system for describing Achilles tendon rupture. Classification Achilles tendon tears may be grouped (according to severity of the tear and degree of retraction) into four types: type I: p...

Ficat and Arlet classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head

The Ficat and Arlet classification uses a combination of plain radiographs, MRI, and clinical features to stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Classification stage 0 plain radiograph: normal MRI: normal clinical symptoms: nil stage I plain radiograph: normal or minor osteopenia MRI: ...

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