Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
74 results found
Article
Leaky lung syndrome
Leaky lung syndrome refers to a form of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Pathology
Pulmonary edema due to increased capillary permeability.
Radiographic features
Leaky lung syndrome is considered a mild form of a part of the spectrum of acute lung injury with ARDS at the other end of the s...
Article
Von Hippel-Lindau disease
Von Hippel-Lindau (vHL) disease is characterized by the development of numerous benign and malignant tumors in different organs (at least 40 types 1) due to mutations in the VHL tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 3.
Epidemiology
The disease is rare with an estimated prevalence of 1:35,000-50,...
Article
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is paradoxical deterioration of a pre-existing illness following abrupt improvement in an individual's immune function. It is classically seen in HIV/AIDS patients following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Increasingly, however, it i...
Article
Right middle lobe syndrome
Right middle lobe syndrome refers to chronic right middle lobe collapse, usually without an obstructing lesion (but not always). It is usually with associated bronchiectasis.
Epidemiology
Right middle lobe syndrome is usually encountered in older adults, with a predilection for women (see Lad...
Article
Shone syndrome
Shone syndrome, also known as Shone complex, is a rare syndrome characterized by left-sided, obstructive congenital heart defects.
Epidemiology
Shone syndrome is thought to be very rare, accounting for less than 1% of all congenital heart disease 1.
Clinical presentation
Patients, usually ne...
Article
Poland syndrome
Poland syndrome refers to a congenital unilateral absence of the pectoralis major and minor muscles and is a recognized cause of unilateral hyperlucent hemithorax.
Epidemiology
Poland syndrome is usually sporadic, although rare familial cases have been described 1. It is rare, with an estimat...
Article
Hamman syndrome
Hamman syndrome, also known as Macklin syndrome, refers to spontaneous pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema.
Epidemiology
It is a rare entity most often encountered in young adults, particularly in the peri- and postpartum periods 3.
Clinical presentation
Hamman syndrome is most com...
Article
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a form of acute lung injury and occurs as a result of a severe pulmonary injury that causes alveolar damage heterogeneously throughout the lung. It can either result from a direct pulmonary source or as a response to systemic injury.
This is a disti...
Article
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome comprises a heterogeneous group of collagen disorders (hereditary connective tissue disease).
Epidemiology
The combined prevalence for all types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is estimated to be at least 1 of every 5000 individuals. There is no significant gender predominance...
Article
Mendelson syndrome
Mendelson syndrome, also known as peptic pneumonia, refers to acute chemical pneumonitis caused by the aspiration of stomach contents in patients under general anesthesia.
Clinical presentation
This syndrome develops rapidly (2-12 hours after aspiration) and within hours the patient may beco...
Article
Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia
Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia, also known as Jeune syndrome, is a type of rare short limb skeletal dysplasia, which is primarily characterized by a constricted long narrow thoracic cavity, cystic renal dysplasia and characteristic skeletal features. It is also sometimes classified as one of th...
Article
Currarino-Silverman syndrome
Currarino-Silverman syndrome, also known as pectus carinatum type 2 deformity, is a rare disorder which includes a high type pectus carinatum.
Clinical presentation
Patients present with a high carinate chest deformity due to a premature fusion of the manubriosternal joint and sternal ossifica...
Article
All-trans-retinoic acid syndrome
All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) syndrome, is the more common cause of differentiation syndrome 8. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells respond to therapeutic levels of this normal plasma derivative of vitamin A by maturating into normal granulocytes which can cause capillary leakage and organ...
Article
Löffler syndrome
Simple pulmonary eosinophilia (also known as Löffler syndrome) is a type of pulmonary eosinophilia that typically presents with transient radiographic infiltrates, minimal constitutional upset, and an elevated eosinophil count in peripheral blood.
Pathology
Etiology
The cause is not usually i...
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