Articles
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536 results found
Article
Osteogenesis imperfecta classification
Several forms of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) have been classified, representing a wide variation in appearance and severity, and clinical features vary widely not only between types but within types.
Classification
Osteogenesis imperfecta was initially classified by type according to a scheme...
Article
Traynelis classification of atlanto-occipital dislocations
The Traynelis classification of atlanto-occipital dislocations describes injuries of the atlanto-occipital joint according to the displacement of the occipital condyles relative to the atlas:
type I: anterior displacement
type II: longitudinal distraction (superior-inferior displacement)
type...
Article
Oligoprogression
Oligoprogression is an emerging concept in oncology, denoting a state where after an initially successfully systemic therapy of disseminated metastases, a single/few lesions display further progression.
Terminology
A key difference between the related concepts of oligometastasis and oligoprog...
Article
Neck imaging reporting and data system (NI-RADS)
NI-RADS (Neck Imaging and Reporting and Data System) is a lexicon and risk classification proposed by the American College of Radiology for reporting surveillance imaging of treated head and neck cancer. The terminology and categories may be applied to any head and neck malignancy (e.g. squamous...
Article
WHO classification of tumors of the kidney
The World Health Organizatiοn (WHO) classification of tumors of the kidney is the most commonly used pathologic classification system for such disorders. The current revision, part of the 4th edition of the WHO series, was published in 2016 as part of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Urin...
Article
McDonald diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis
McDonald diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis are clinical, radiographic, and laboratory criteria used in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. They were originally introduced in 2001 and revised multiple times (see "previous versions" below) most recently in 2017 5.
Criteria
The diagnos...
Article
Pediatric mediastinal masses
Pediatric mediastinal masses are the most common chest masses in children, with the anterior mediastinum being the most common site 1.
As in adults, mediastinal masses are classified depending on anatomical sites:
anterior mediastinal masses
middle mediastinal masses
posterior mediastinal ma...
Article
ISAKOS classification of meniscal tears
ISAKOS classification of meniscal tears classifies meniscal tears based on arthroscopic evaluation 1.
Usage
The classification system is primarily developed for surgical documentation of meniscal tears and it has shown good inter-observer reliability amongst surgeons 2,3.
Classification
Tea...
Article
Marshall classification of traumatic brain injury
The Marshall classification of traumatic brain injury is a CT scan derived metric using only a few features and has been shown to predict outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury.
This system was first published in 1992 1 building on findings from a large cohort of head injury cases des...
Article
McDonald and McClellan's classification of crossed renal ectopias
McDonald and McClellan classified crossed renal ectopia into four types 1:
bilateral crossed renal ectopia without fusion
unilateral crossed renal ectopia
bilaterally crossed renal ectopia: represents 90% of all crossed ectopias and includes crossed fused renal ectopia
crossed unfused rena...
Article
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a neoplasm of the lymphoid tissues originating from B cell precursors, mature B cells, T cell precursors, and mature T cells. It includes all types of lymphomas apart from Hodgkin lymphoma.
See the WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumors for further informatio...
Article
Rotator cuff tear grading (MRI)
One method of grading rotator cuff tears on MRI is as follows:
grade 0: normal
grade I: increased T2 signal with normal morphology
grade II: increased T2 signal with abnormal morphology (thickening, or irregularity of the tendon)
grade III: defined tear (e.g. partial or full-thickness, compl...
Article
Triplane fracture
Triplane or triplanar fractures are of the distal tibia only occurring in adolescents. As the physiological closure of the physeal plate begins medially, the lateral (open) physis is prone to this type of fracture. Most authors regard it as a type 4 Salter-Harris fracture.
It comprises of:
a ...
Article
Thoracic sarcoidosis (staging)
Thoracic sarcoidosis can be staged on a chest radiograph with implications for prognosis although HRCT and FDG-PET provide more information to help guide treatment.
Usage
Chest radiographs have been the mainstay of staging thoracic sarcoidosis for many decades with fair interobserver concord...
Article
Patte classification of rotator cuff tendon retraction
The Patte classification describes the amount of supraspinatus tendon retraction in a complete tear of the rotator cuff of the shoulder, and is applied on sequences in the frontal plane 1:
stage 1: proximal stump near the bony insertion
stage 2: proximal stump is at the level of the humeral he...
Article
AO Spine classification of upper cervical injuries
The AO Spine classification of upper cervical injuries is a concise and comprehensive system for categorizing the spectrum of traumatic bony and ligamentous injuries involving the occipital condyles, atlas (C1), or axis (C2).
Usage
The AO Spine upper cervical classification system is relativel...
Article
Three column concept of spinal fractures
The three-column concept of thoracolumbar spinal fractures (of Denis) forms the basis of a number of widely used thoracolumbar spinal fracture classification systems.
Usage
While the three-column concept was initially developed for classification of thoracolumbar spinal fractures, it can also ...
Article
Scheuermann disease
Scheuermann disease, also known as juvenile kyphosis, juvenile discogenic disease 11, or vertebral epiphysitis, is a common condition which results in kyphosis of the thoracic or thoracolumbar spine. The diagnosis is usually made on plain radiograph.
Epidemiology
occurs in ~5% (range 0.4-8%) o...
Article
Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS)
The Ovarian-Adnexal Imaging Reporting and Data System, (O-RADS), aims to ensure that there are uniform unambiguous sonographic and MRI evaluations of ovarian or other adnexal lesions, accurately assigning each lesion to a risk category of malignancy being present, and which informs the appropria...
Article
Cervical degenerative spondylosis (grading)
Cervical degenerative disease is extremely common. Cervical spondylosis can be graded using a very old but reliable classification devised by Jonas Kellgren et al 1,2. It is based on findings on a lateral cervical spine radiograph although it can also be applied to MRI evaluation of spine.
The ...
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