Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
536 results found
Article
Eaton classification of volar plate avulsion injury
The Eaton classification can be used to classify volar plate avulsion injuries of the fingers.
Usage
Along with the Keifhaber-Stern classification, this classification is considered (c. 2016) one of the most useful classifications for the management of volar plate avulsion injuries 2.
Knowle...
Article
Lunate morphology
Several classification systems exist for the lunate morphology 1, 2.
Classification
The lunate classification proposed by Viegas et al. is arguably the most relevant 3:
type I lunate: single distal articular facet for the capitate
type II lunate: additional distal articular facet medially f...
Article
Modified PIOPED II criteria for diagnosis of pulmonary embolus
The modified PIOPED II criteria for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolus indicate the presence or absence of pulmonary emboli based on findings on V/Q scan (ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy). The following article reflects the modified interpretation criteria promulgated in 2008 1 based on recat...
Article
Balthazar score
The Balthazar score is a subscore within the CT severity index (CTSI) for grading of acute pancreatitis.
The CTSI sums two scores:
Balthazar score: grading of pancreatitis (A-E)
grading the extent of pancreatic necrosis
The Balthazar score was originally used alone, but the addition of a sc...
Article
Lichtman classification of Kienböck disease
The Lichtman classification is the most used classification system when assessing Kienböck disease.
The Lichtman classification is proposed to guide management and assess prognosis.
Classification
stage 0: prenecrotic
stage I: normal radiograph, osteonecrosis noticeable on MRI or bone scan
...
Article
Walch classification of glenoid morphology
The Walch classification of glenoid morphology in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis is the most commonly used system to describe this pathology.
It was initially measured on 5 mm thick slices on axial CT scans of the shoulder 1, which had mixed results for inter- and intra-observer agreement...
Article
Breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) assessment category 2
BI-RADS 2 is a benign category in breast imaging reporting and data system. A finding placed in this category should have a 100% chance of being benign.
Examples of such lesions or findings include:
calcified fibroadenomas
multiple secretory calcifications
fat-containing lesions such as:
o...
Article
Gertzbein and Robbins classification
The Gertzbein and Robbins classification assesses the position of transpedicular screws.
Classification
Transpedicular screw position is graded from A to E based on the extent by which the screw breaches the cortex of the pedicle 1-3:
A: fully intrapedicular position without breach of the ped...
Article
Terms used in radiology
There are numerous terms used in radiology (and clinical medicine more generally) that are worth knowing and this is a list of some of them.
Please maintain all lists in alphabetical order.
General
acute
ancillary
chronic
Cinderella
diagnosis of exclusion
dilation vs dilatation
epiphen...
Article
Hamburg classification system of vascular malformations
Hamburg classification system of vascular malformations is one of the more commonly used systems to describe the wide range of vascular malformations, largely replacing the many various eponymous syndromes traditionally used. It accounts for the underlying anatomical, histological, and pathophys...
Article
ISSVA classification of vascular anomalies
The ISSVA classification of vascular anomalies encompasses all vascular malformations and tumors in a framework of internationally consistent nomenclature.
Usage
It is one of the two most widely used classification systems, the other being the Hamburg classification system of vascular malform...
Article
Glasgow-Blatchford score
The Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS) is a widely-used and well-validated scoring system for upper GI bleeding and the need for intervention.
Score
The scoring system relies upon knowing the patient's urea, hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, and several other criteria. Each criterion is scored,...
Article
Classification system for malformations of the cerebellum
Classification systems for malformations of the cerebellum are varied and are constantly being revised as a greater understanding of the underlying genetics and embryology of the disorders is uncovered.
Classification
A classification proposed by Barkovich et al. in 2009 1 divides cerebellar ...
Article
Neimeier classification of gallbladder perforation
The classification of gallbladder perforation was proposed by Neimeier and later modified by Anderson et al. in 1987, which at the time of writing remains the most widely accepted classification for gallbladder perforation.
According to this classification, there are three main clinical subtype...
Article
Classification system for midline abnormalities of the brain and skull
Classification systems for midline abnormalities of the brain and skull are varied and constantly changing as the underlying embryology and genetics are uncovered.
Classification
A relatively simple and robust classification system is based on the location of abnormalities, proposed by Nuñez ...
Article
Effman Classification of urethral duplication
The Effman classification is a widely used system classifying several distinct types of urethral duplication.
Usage
The Effman classification is the most commonly used 3, which is considered the most complete classification from a clinical and functional point of view 4, but it is only based ...
Article
Keifhaber-Stern classification of volar plate avulsion injuries
The Keifhaber-Stern classification can be used to classify volar plate avulsion injuries of the fingers.
Usage
Along with the Eaton classification, this classification is considered (c. 2016) one of the most useful for the management of volar plate avulsion injuries 2.
For Keifhaber-Stern cl...
Article
Situs solitus
Situs solitus (rare plural: sitūs soliti) refers to the normal position of the thoracic and abdominal organs. This will include a left-sided heart, also known as levocardia.
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph
On plain radiograph, careful attention should be directed at the location of the...
Article
Global cortical atrophy scale
The global cortical atrophy (GCA) scale, also known as the Pasquier scale, is a qualitative rating system developed to assess cerebral atrophy, especially in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. It evaluates atrophy in 13 brain regions assessed separately in each hemisphere and resulting i...
Article
Mediastinum (ITMIG classification)
The International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) classification of mediastinal compartments was developed to reflect a division of the mediastinum based on cross-sectional imaging. It was in part an effort to consolidate prior discrepant classification systems in use by different medic...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.