Articles
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1,384 results found
Article
Anasarca
Anasarca refers to a state of generalized edema.
Terminology
Some definitions of anasarca focus on the presence of subcutaneous (body wall and/or extremity) edema 1,2,7, while others focus on pleural effusions and ascites 3. An overarching definition is the accumulation of fluid (water retent...
Article
Power Doppler
Power Doppler is a technique that uses the amplitude of Doppler signal to detect moving matter. Power Doppler:
is independent of velocity and direction of flow, so there is no possibility of signal aliasing
is independent of angle, allowing detection of smaller velocities than color Doppler, f...
Article
Left gastroepiploic artery
The left gastroepiploic artery (LGA) is one of the branches of the splenic artery.
Gross anatomy
Course
The left gastroepiploic artery most commonly arises from the splenic artery, and runs within the gastrosplenic ligament. It then runs within the two layers of the greater omentum to the rig...
Article
High division of the brachial artery
A high division of the brachial artery is an unusually proximal bifurcation of the brachial artery into its ulnar and radial branches in the upper arm.
It is an anatomical variant of the arterial branching pattern of the upper limb.
Description
In general, the brachial artery bifurcates into...
Article
Peak systolic velocity (Doppler ultrasound)
Peak systolic velocity (PSV) is an index measured in spectral Doppler ultrasound. On a Doppler waveform, the peak systolic velocity corresponds to each tall “peak” in the spectrum window 1.
Explanation
When traveling with their greatest velocity in a vessel (i.e. during systole), red blood cel...
Article
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
The superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a branch of gastroduodenal artery that supplies the duodenum and pancreas.
Gross anatomy
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery arises after branching off from gastroduodenal artery. It divides into anterior and posterior divisions which supply the pylor...
Article
Iliac artery aneurysm
Iliac arterial aneurysms are focal dilatations of the iliac artery.
Although the dimensions that define the aneurysm are dependent on the sex of the patient and the portion of the artery involved, a common iliac artery (CIA) with a diameter ≥1.7 cm in males or ≥1.5 cm in females is considered ...
Article
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a group of conditions with a common clinical and radiologic presentation. It is characterized by thunderclap headache and reversible vasoconstriction of the cerebral arteries.
Terminology
Numerous and varied terms have been used to descri...
Article
Stroke
A stroke is a clinical diagnosis that refers to a sudden onset focal neurological deficit of presumed vascular origin.
Stroke is generally divided into two broad categories 1,2:
ischemic stroke (87%)
hemorrhagic stroke (13%)
Terminology
The term "stroke" is ambiguous and care mus...
Article
Tardus parvus
Tardus parvus refers to a pattern of Doppler ultrasound spectral waveform resulting from arterial stenosis. The phenomenon is observed downstream to the site of stenosis, and is due to reduced magnitude of blood flow through the narrowed vessel during ventricular systole 7.
This characteristic ...
Article
Collateral systems between the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery
There are several collateral systems between the primary vascular supply of the foregut and midgut.
The collaterals between the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) include:
gastroduodenal artery (GDA)
branch of the common hepatic artery (CHA) and anastomoses with branches of th...
Article
Teardrop sign (superior mesenteric vein)
The teardrop sign of the superior mesenteric vein is one of the important signs in the local staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Its importance lies in its diagnostic, as well as prognostic, significance. This sign is used in assessing the resectability of pancreatic cancer.
Radiographic feat...
Article
Cone artery
The cone artery, also known as the artery of Desproges-Gotteron, is a rare anatomical variant which commonly arises from the internal iliac artery.
Gross anatomy
Origin
The cone artery has a variable origin and may arise from the internal iliac artery or its branches, commonly the iliolumbar ...
Article
Lateral thoracic artery
The lateral thoracic artery is a branch of the second part of the axillary artery.
Gross anatomy
Origin and course
The lateral thoracic artery originates from the medial surface of the axillary artery, posterior to the distal part of pectoralis minor. It courses inferomedially along the infe...
Article
Flashlight sign (B-flow)
The flashlight sign is a B-flow vascular ultrasound sign caused by wall adherent and floating thrombi and emboli in arteries, which appear as bright spots on imaging.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
The flashlight sign is described as a moving, very bright intraluminal focus of signal on B-f...
Article
Top of the basilar syndrome
Top of the basilar syndrome, also known as rostral brainstem infarction, occurs when there is thromboembolic occlusion of the top of the basilar artery. This results in bilateral thalamic ischemia due to occlusion of perforator vessels.
Clinical presentation
Clinically, top of the basilar synd...
Article
Facial artery
The facial artery is one of the external carotid artery branches and supplies blood to the structures of the face.
Summary
origin: branch of the external carotid artery a little above the level of the lingual artery, in the carotid triangle of the neck
course: passes deep to the posterior bel...
Article
Right hepatic artery
The right hepatic artery (RHA) is formed when the proper hepatic artery (PHA) bifurcates. The hepatic arteries provide 25% of the blood supply and 50% of the oxygen supply to the liver.
Gross anatomy
The proper hepatic artery bifurcates into the right and left hepatic arteries at or before rea...
Article
Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery
Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare anomaly that occurs in less than 0.01% of the population. It encompasses agenesis, aplasia, and hypoplasia 1.
The most common type of collateral flow is through the circle of Willis, through the anterior communicating artery (ACo...
Article
Angular artery (facial artery branch)
The angular artery is the terminal branch of the facial artery.
It becomes the angular artery after the lateral nasal artery branch from the facial artery. It courses superiorly along the lateral border of the external nose to the medial canthus. It is accompanied by the angular vein, which dra...
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