Brain herniation

Last revised by Joachim Feger on 21 Feb 2025

Brain herniation, also referred to as acquired intracranial herniation, refers to the shift of brain tissue from its normal location, into an adjacent space as a result of mass effect. It is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis. 

Pathology

Several different patterns of brain herniation describe the type of herniation occurring:

Aetiology

Any intracranial mass can have this effect:

See also

Cases and figures

  • Figure 1
  • Case 1: subfalcine herniation from SDH
  • Case 2: upward herniation from cerebellar infarct
  • Case 3: subfalcine and downward transtentorial
  • Case 4: downward transtentorial
  • Case 5: ascending transtentorial herniation
  • Case 6: uncal herniation
  • Case 7: uncal transtentorial herniation
  • Case 8: herniation into transverse sinus
  • Case 9: into arachnoid granulation
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