Bronchial stenosis
Last revised by David Carroll
on 5 Nov 2022
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Carroll D, Di Muzio B, Bronchial stenosis. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 23 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-79489
rID:
79489
Article created:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Yuranga Weerakkody had no recorded disclosures.
View Yuranga Weerakkody's current disclosures
Last revised:
5 Nov 2022,
David Carroll
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised David Carroll had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View David Carroll's current disclosures
Revisions:
6 times, by
3 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
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Sections:
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Synonyms:
- Bronchostenosis
- Bronchial narrowing
- Bronchial stenoses
- Bronchial stricture
Bronchial stenosis, or bronchial strictures, are descriptive terms to denote regions of focal narrowing involving the bronchi. They can arise from a wide variety of aetiologies.
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Pathology
Aetiology
It can arise from a large range of aetiological factors, which include:
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non-malignant growths
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infectious causes
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mycobacterial
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bacterial
respiratory (tracheobronchial) diphtheria
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viral
influenza 13
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fungal
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endemic mycoses
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-
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inflammatory and infiltrative causes
as an extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease 8
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congenital
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congenital bronchial stenosis
most commonly due to extrinsic compression by anomalous vascular structures
rarely as a contiguous extension ("long segment") of congenital tracheal stenosis 17
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other causes
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post-surgical
post lung transplantation
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post-traumatic 11
delayed complication of tracheobronchial injury 11
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corrosive injury
sequela of caustic (e.g. acid, alkali) aspiration
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especially ferrous sulfate (iron) tablets
prolonged endobronchial intubation
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Radiographic features
CT
Allows direction visualisation of the segments of narrowing (MinIP images may be additionally helpful). May also show resorptive (obstructive) atelectasis of segments of lung distal to the stenosis.
See also
References
- 1. G Ferretti, F B Jouvan, F Thony, C Pison, M Coulomb. Benign noninflammatory bronchial stenosis: treatment with balloon dilation. (1995) Radiology. 196 (3): 831-4. doi:10.1148/radiology.196.3.7644651 - Pubmed
- 2. Choe K et.al . Tuberculous Bronchial Stenosis: CT Findings in 28 Cases. (1990) AJR. American journal of roentgenology. doi:10.2214/ajr.155.5.2120966 - Pubmed
- 3. Chung M et.al Bronchial Stenosis Due to Anthracofibrosis. (1998) Chest. doi:10.1378/chest.113.2.344 - Pubmed
- 4. Obusez EC, Jamjoom L, Kirsch J, Gildea T, Mohammed TL. Computed tomography correlation of airway disease with bronchoscopy: part I--nonneoplastic large airway diseases. (2014) Current problems in diagnostic radiology. 43 (5): 268-77. doi:10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.05.002 - Pubmed
- 5. Grenier PA, Beigelman-Aubry C, Brillet PY. Nonneoplastic tracheal and bronchial stenoses. (2009) Radiologic clinics of North America. 47 (2): 243-60. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2008.11.011 - Pubmed
- 6. Ingegnoli A, Corsi A, Verardo E, De Filippo M, Sverzellati N, Zompatori M. Uncommon causes of tracheobronchial stenosis and wall thickening: MDCT imaging. (2007) La Radiologia medica. 112 (8): 1132-41. doi:10.1007/s11547-007-0211-z - Pubmed
- 7. W. De Wever, V. Vandecaveye, S. Lanciotti, J.A. Verschakelen. Multidetector CT-generated virtual bronchoscopy: an illustrated review of the potential clinical indications. (2004) European Respiratory Journal. 23 (5): 776. doi:10.1183/09031936.04.00099804 - Pubmed
- 8. Papanikolaou I, Kagouridis K, Papiris SA. Patterns of airway involvement in inflammatory bowel diseases. (2014) World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology. 5 (4): 560-9. doi:10.4291/wjgp.v5.i4.560 - Pubmed
- 9. Baughman RP, Lower EE, Tami T. Upper airway. 4: Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT). (2010) Thorax. 65 (2): 181-6. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.112896 - Pubmed
- 10. Kwak J, Koo G, Chung S et al. A Case of Significant Endobronchial Injury Due to Recurrent Iron Pill Aspiration. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2015;78(4):440-4. doi:10.4046/trd.2015.78.4.440 - Pubmed
- 11. Bobocea A, Matache R, Codreşi M, Bolca C, Cordoş I. [Sleeve Resection of Right Main Bronchus for Posttraumatic Bronchial Stenosis]. Pneumologia. 2011;60(4):225-8. - Pubmed
- 12. Hadfield T, McEvoy P, Polotsky Y, Tzinserling V, Yakovlev A. The Pathology of Diphtheria. J INFECT DIS. 2000;181(s1):S116-20. doi:10.1086/315551 - Pubmed
- 13. Mailloux B, Burguete S, Stupka J, Sonetti D. Extensive Web-Like Endobronchial Membranous Stenosis in a Patient After H1N1 Influenza A Infectio. Chest. 2011;140(4):82A. doi:10.1378/chest.1117403
- 14. Barnes D, Gutiérrez Chacoff J, Benegas M et al. Central Airway Pathology: Clinic Features, CT Findings with Pathologic and Virtual Endoscopy Correlation. Insights Imaging. 2017;8(2):255-70. doi:10.1007/s13244-017-0545-6 - Pubmed
- 15. Schweiger C, Cohen A, Rutter M. Tracheal and Bronchial Stenoses and Other Obstructive Conditions. J Thorac Dis. 2016;8(11):3369-78. doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.11.74 - Pubmed
- 16. Smith M, Kou Y, Schweiger C, Lehenbauer D, de Alarcon A, Rutter M. Congenital Absence of Tracheal or Bronchial Rings. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021;164(2):422-6. doi:10.1177/0194599820950725 - Pubmed
- 17. Fandiño M, Kozak F, Verchere C, Campbell A. Modified Slide Tracheoplasty in a Newborn with Bronchial and Carinal Stenosis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;77(12):2075-80. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.09.002 - Pubmed
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