Congenital cerebral toxoplasmosis
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
At the time the article was created Praveen Jha had no recorded disclosures.
View Praveen Jha's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Liz Silverstone had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Liz Silverstone's current disclosuresCongenital cerebral toxoplasmosis is a manifestation of congenital toxoplasmosis and refers to development of cerebral toxoplasmosis in the fetus through maternal transmission.
Please refer to congenital toxoplasmosis for a broad discussion on epidemiology and pathology.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound, CT or MRI images may show multiple calcifications predominantly in basal ganglia, corticomedullary junction, and to a lesser extent in the periventricular regions. Obstructive hydrocephalus may be seen.
Other associated findings are:
cerebral/cerebellar atrophy
cortical and subcortical chunky calcifications
microcephaly or macrocephaly due to hydrocephalus
cortical abnormalities are present, but rare
chorioretinitis (very common, ~95%)
References
- 1. Berry. Diagnostic Radiology : Neuroradiology : Head and Neck Imaging. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. ISBN:8180616363. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Wallon M, Liou C, Garner P et-al. Congenital toxoplasmosis: systematic review of evidence of efficacy of treatment in pregnancy. BMJ. 1999;318 (7197): 1511-4. BMJ (link) - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation
- 3. Robert-Gangneux F, Dardé ML. Epidemiology of and diagnostic strategies for toxoplasmosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2012;25 (2): 264-96. doi:10.1128/CMR.05013-11 - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation
Incoming Links
Related articles: Infections of the central nervous system
-
CNS infections
- classification by aetiology
- viral
- bacterial
- CNS listeriosis (Listeria monocytogenes)
- CNS nocardiosis (Nocardia spp)
- CNS tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
- neurobrucellosis (Brucella sp.)
- neuromelioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)
- neurosyphilis (Treponema pallidum)
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsii)
- fungal
- CNS aspergillosis (Aspergillus spp)
- CNS coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis)
- CNS cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans)
- CNS mucormycosis (order Mucorales)
- neurocandidiasis (Candida spp)
- parasitic
- brain chagoma (Trypanosoma cruzi)
- cerebral amoebiasis
- primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (Naegleria fowleri)
- granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (Acanthamoeba spp, Balamuthia mandrillaris and Sappinia pedata)
- cerebral malaria (Plasmodium falciparum)
- cerebral paragonimiasis (Paragonimus)
- cerebral sparganosis (Spirometra mansonoides)
- human African trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense)
- neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium)
- neurohydatidosis (Echinococcus spp)
- neurotoxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- neuroschistosomiasis
-
prion
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sporadic, variant, familial, and iatrogenic)
- fatal familial insomnia
- Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease
- kuru
- variably protease-sensitive prionopathy
- others or those with possible infectious or parainfectious aetiologies
- acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion
- acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion
- acute necrotising encephalopathy of childhood
- encephalitis lethargica
- haemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome
- Mollaret meningitis (idiopathic recurrent meningitis)
- Rasmussen encephalitis
- classification by location
- extra-axial
- intra-axial
- classification by aetiology
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.
