A mnemonic for remembering the causes of diffuse bony sclerosis is:
- 3 M's PROOF
Mnemonic
3 M's PROOF
-
M: malignancy
- metastases (osteoblastic metastases)
- lymphoma
- leukaemia
- M: myelofibrosis
- M: mastocytosis
- S: sickle cell disease
- P: Paget disease of the bone/pyknodysostosis
- R: renal osteodystrophy (treated secondary hyperparathyroidism)
- O: osteopetrosis
-
O: other
- sclerotic dysplasias: osteopoikilosis, osteopathia striata, melorheostosis (usually multifocal)
- hyperthyroidism
- hypoparathyroidism
- athletes
- F: fluorosis
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