Distal appendicular bone metastases
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Dawes L, Murphy A, Lukies M, et al. Distal appendicular bone metastases. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 24 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-1861
rID:
1861
Article created:
2 May 2008,
Laughlin Dawes
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Laughlin Dawes had no recorded disclosures.
View Laughlin Dawes's current disclosures
Last revised:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Andrew Murphy had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Andrew Murphy's current disclosures
Revisions:
14 times, by
9 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
Synonyms:
- Peripheral bone metastases
- Appendicular skeletal metastases
- Distal appendicular skeletal metastases
Distal appendicular bone metastases, especially distal to the knee and elbow joints, are uncommon.
Clinical presentation
Localised pain and swelling, along with pathological fractures, are the most common 3.
Pathology
Aetiology
Malignancies that most commonly spread to appendicular skeleton include 1:
- lung: most common (~20%); usually squamous cell carcinoma 2
- breast
- renal
- prostatic
Quiz questions
References
- 1. Miric A, Banks M, Allen D et al. Cortical Metastatic Lesions of the Appendicular Skeleton from Tumors of Known Primary Origin. J Surg Oncol. 1998;67(4):255-60. doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9098(199804)67:4<255::aid-jso9>3.0.co;2-7 - Pubmed
- 2. Letanche G, Dumontet C, Euvrard P, Souquet P, Bernard J. [Distal Metastases of Bronchial Cancers. Bone and Soft Tissue Metastases]. Bull Cancer. 1990;77(10):1025-30. - Pubmed
- 3. Leeson M, Makley J, Carter J. Metastatic Skeletal Disease Distal to the Elbow and Knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1986;(206):94-9. - Pubmed
Incoming Links
Articles:
Cases:
- Impending pathological fracture of tibia
- Angiosarcoma - humerus
- Adenocarcinoma lung, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
- Prostate metastases to the hand
- Skeletal metastases - from primary transitional cell carcinoma of bladder
- Metastasis to the patella: carcinoma of the lung
- Femoral metastasis: breast cancer
- Fibular metastasis - non small cell lung cancer
- Bone metastasis - femur
- Femoral metastasis
Multiple choice questions:
Related articles: Bone tumours
The differential diagnosis for bone tumours is dependent on the age of the patient, with a very different set of differentials for the paediatric patient.
-
bone tumours
- bone-forming tumours
- cartilage-forming tumours
- bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (Nora lesion)
- chondroblastoma
- chondromyxoid fibroma
- chondrosarcoma
- enchondroma
- juxtacortical chondroma
- osteochondroma
- fibrous bone lesions
- bone marrow tumours
- other bone tumours or tumour-like lesions
- adamantinoma
- aneurysmal bone cyst
- benign fibrous histiocytoma
- chordoma
- giant cell tumour of bone
- Gorham massive osteolysis
- haemangioendothelioma
- haemophilic pseudotumour
- intradiploic epidermoid cyst
- intraosseous lipoma
- musculoskeletal angiosarcoma
- musculoskeletal haemangiopericytoma
- primary intraosseous haemangioma
- post-traumatic cystic bone lesion
- simple bone cyst
-
skeletal metastases
- morphology
- location
- impending fracture risk
- staging
- approach
- describing a bone lesion
- differentials
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.