Gasperini syndrome
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Sharma R, Hacking C, Gasperini syndrome. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 24 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-58856
rID:
58856
Article created:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Rohit Sharma had no recorded disclosures.
View Rohit Sharma's current disclosures
Last revised:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Craig Hacking had no recorded disclosures.
View Craig Hacking's current disclosures
Revisions:
5 times, by
2 contributors -
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Systems:
Sections:
Synonyms:
- Gasperini's syndrome
Gasperini syndrome is a rare pontine stroke syndrome that involves the caudal pontine tegmentum.
On this page:
Clinical presentation
Classically, the syndrome presents with 1-3:
- involvement of the CN V nucleus (sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve): ipsilateral facial sensory loss
- involvement of the CN VI nucleus (abducens nucleus): ipsilateral impaired eye abduction
- involvement of the CN VII nucleus (facial nucleus): ipsilateral facial palsy and hyperacusis
- involvement of the CN VIII nucleus: vertigo and ipsilateral nystagmus
- involvement of the spinothalamic tract: contralateral hemi-sensory impairment
Pathology
A lesion of the caudal pons tegmentum is usually caused by an ischaemic stroke, usually due to occlusion of either pontine branches of the basilar artery or the long circumferential branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery 1,2, but can also be seen due to demyelination or haemorrhage 3.
Radiographic features
Lesions are in the caudal pons tegmentum with imaging characteristics depending on underlying cause 2,3.
History and etymology
The syndrome was first described by Ubaldo Gasperini (1880-1918), an Italian physician, in 1912 1,4.
References
- 1. Tacik P, Alfieri A, Kornhuber M, Dressler D. Gasperini's syndrome: its neuroanatomical basis now and then. (2012) Journal of the history of the neurosciences. 21 (1): 17-30. doi:10.1080/0964704X.2011.568045 - Pubmed
- 2. Iorio R. Teaching NeuroImages: Gasperini syndrome. (2018) Neurology. 90 (3): e261. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004836 - Pubmed
- 3. Krasnianski M, Müller T, Zierz S, Winterholler M. Gasperini syndrome as clinical manifestation of pontine demyelination. (2009) European journal of medical research. 14 (9): 413-4. Pubmed
- 4. Gasperini U. Di un caso di emorragia protuberanziale. Contributo clinico allo studio delle sindromi pontine inferiori. Rif Med (Napoli). 1912;28:880-98.
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- by region
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- inferior medial pontine syndrome (Foville syndrome): basilar artery
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- medullary infarct
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- by vascular territory
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intracranial haemorrhage
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intra-axial haemorrhage
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- by type
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- extra-axial haemorrhage
- extradural haemorrhage (EDH)
- intralaminar dural haemorrhage
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subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)
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- complications
- grading systems
- subpial haemorrhage
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intra-axial haemorrhage
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