Haglund syndrome

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Haglund syndrome refers to the triad (Haglund's triad) of

insertional ~~achilles~~Achilles tendinopathy
retrocalcaneal bursitis
Haglund deformity (i.e. posterosuperior calcaneal exostosis)

This results in pain at the back of the heel. It is associated with calcaneal spurs, and the wearing of high heels ~~(thus~~(hence the colloquial term "pump-bump") or stiff backed shoes in general.

Radiographic features

Plain film

loss of the Kager triangle due to retrocalcaneal bursitis
~~achilles~~Achilles tendon measuring over 9 mm, in thickness 2 cm above the bursal projection due to achilles tendinopathy
convexity of the soft tissues posterior to the Achilles tendon insertion due to superficial ~~tendo-achillis~~retroachilles bursitis
prominent bursal projection of the calcaneum ("pump-bump") or Haglund deformity
Chauveaux-Liet angle greater than 12º

MRI

used in questionable cases.
focal enlargement and abnormal signal at ~~achilis~~Achilles tendon insertion segment.
retrocalcaneal and ~~retro achilis~~retroachilles bursal fluid collection.
calcaneal bony spur better appreciated aton T1 sagittal images.
marrow ~~edema~~oedema of the posterior calcaneal tuberosity.

History and etymology

It was first described by Patrick Haglund in 1927⁶.

~~-<p><strong>Haglund syndrome</strong> refers to the triad of</p><ul>~~
~~-<li>insertional <a href="/articles/achilles-tendinopathy">achilles tendinopathy</a>~~
+<p><strong>Haglund syndrome</strong> refers to the triad (Haglund's triad) of</p><ul>
+<li>insertional <a href="/articles/achilles-tendinopathy">Achilles tendinopathy</a>
~~-<a href="/articles/superficial-retro-tendo-achilles-bursitis">superficial </a><a href="/articles/retro-tendo-achilles-bursitis">retro tendo Achilles bursitis </a>~~
~~-</li>~~
-</ul><p>This results in pain at the back of the heel. It is associated with <a href="/articles/calcaneal-spurs">calcaneal spurs</a>, and the wearing of high heels (thus the colloquial term "pump-bump") or stiff backed shoes in general.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain film</h5><ul>
~~-<li>loss of <a href="/articles/kagers-triangle-1">Kager triangle</a> due to retrocalcaneal bursitis</li>~~
~~-<li>achilles tendon measuring over 9 mm, 2 cm above the bursal projection due to <a href="/articles/achilles-tendinopathy">achilles tendinopathy</a>~~
+<a href="/articles/haglund-deformity">Haglund deformity</a> (i.e. posterosuperior calcaneal <a href="/articles/exostosis">exostosis</a>)</li>
+</ul><p>This results in pain at the back of the heel. It is associated with <a href="/articles/calcaneal-spurs">calcaneal spurs</a>, and the wearing of high heels (hence the colloquial term "pump-bump") or stiff backed shoes in general.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain film</h5><ul>
+<li>loss of the <a href="/articles/kagers-triangle-1">Kager triangle</a> due to retrocalcaneal bursitis</li>
+<li>
+<a href="/articles/calcaneal-tendon-1">Achilles tendon</a> measuring over 9 mm in thickness 2 cm above the bursal projection due to <a href="/articles/achilles-tendinopathy">achilles tendinopathy</a>
~~-<li>convexity of the soft tissues posterior to the Achilles tendon insertion due to superficial tendo-achillis bursitis</li>~~
+<li>convexity of the soft tissues posterior to the Achilles tendon insertion due to superficial retroachilles bursitis</li>
~~-<li>used in questionable cases.</li>~~
~~-<li>focal enlargement and abnormal signal at achilis tendon insertion segment.</li>~~
~~-<li>retrocalcaneal and retro achilis bursal fluid collection.</li>~~
~~-<li>calcaneal bony spur better appreciated at T1 sagittal images.</li>~~
~~-<li>marrow edema of the posterior calcaneal tuberosity.</li>~~
+<li>used in questionable cases</li>
+<li>focal enlargement and abnormal signal at Achilles tendon insertion segment</li>
+<li>retrocalcaneal and retroachilles bursal fluid collection</li>
+<li>calcaneal bony spur better appreciated on T1 sagittal images</li>
+<li>marrow oedema of the posterior calcaneal tuberosity</li>

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Haglund syndrome

Updates to Article Attributes

Radiographic features

Plain film

MRI

History and etymology

See also