Haglund syndrome

Changed by Henry Knipe, 8 Aug 2018

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Haglund syndrome refers to the triad (Haglund's triad) of:

insertional Achilles tendinopathy
retrocalcaneal bursitis
Haglund deformity (i.e. posterosuperior calcaneal exostosis)

This results in pain at the back of the heel. It is associated with calcaneal spurs, and the wearing of high heels (hence the colloquial term "pump-bump") or stiff ~~backed~~-backed shoes in general.

Radiographic features

Plain filmradiograph

loss of the Kager triangle due to retrocalcaneal bursitis
Achilles tendon measuring ~~over 9~~>9 mm in thickness ~~2 cm~~two centimetres above the bursal projection due to Achilles tendinopathy
convexity of the soft tissues posterior to the Achilles tendon insertion due to superficial ~~retroachilles~~retro-Achilles bursitis
prominent bursal projection of the calcaneum ("pump-bump") or Haglund deformity
Chauveaux-Liet angle ~~greater than 12~~>12º

MRI

used in questionable cases
focal enlargement and abnormal signal at Achilles tendon insertion segment
retrocalcaneal and ~~retroachilles~~/or retro-Achilles bursal fluid collection(s)
calcaneal bony spur ~~better~~best appreciated on T1 sagittal images
marrow oedema of the posterior calcaneal tuberosity

History and etymology

It was first described by Patrick Haglund in 1927⁶.

~~-<p><strong>Haglund syndrome</strong> refers to the triad (Haglund's triad) of</p><ul>~~
+<p><strong>Haglund syndrome</strong> refers to the triad (Haglund's triad) of:</p><ul>
-</ul><p>This results in pain at the back of the heel. It is associated with <a href="/articles/calcaneal-spurs">calcaneal spurs</a>, and the wearing of high heels (hence the colloquial term "pump-bump") or stiff backed shoes in general.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain film</h5><ul>
+</ul><p>This results in pain at the back of the heel. It is associated with <a href="/articles/calcaneal-spurs">calcaneal spurs</a>, and the wearing of high heels (hence the colloquial term "pump-bump") or stiff-backed shoes in general.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain radiograph</h5><ul>
~~-<a href="/articles/calcaneal-tendon-1">Achilles tendon</a> measuring over 9 mm in thickness 2 cm above the bursal projection due to <a href="/articles/achilles-tendinopathy">Achilles tendinopathy</a>~~
+<a href="/articles/calcaneal-tendon-1">Achilles tendon</a> measuring >9 mm in thickness two centimetres above the bursal projection due to <a href="/articles/achilles-tendinopathy">Achilles tendinopathy</a>
~~-<li>convexity of the soft tissues posterior to the Achilles tendon insertion due to superficial retroachilles bursitis</li>~~
+<li>convexity of the soft tissues posterior to the Achilles tendon insertion due to superficial retro-Achilles bursitis</li>
~~-<a href="/articles/chauveauxliet-angle">Chauveaux-Liet angle</a> greater than 12º</li>~~
+<a href="/articles/chauveauxliet-angle">Chauveaux-Liet angle</a> >12º</li>
~~-<li>retrocalcaneal and retroachilles bursal fluid collection</li>~~
~~-<li>calcaneal bony spur better appreciated on T1 sagittal images</li>~~
+<li>retrocalcaneal and/or retro-Achilles bursal fluid collection(s)</li>
+<li>calcaneal bony spur best appreciated on T1 sagittal images</li>

Sections changed:

Syndromes

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Haglund syndrome

Updates to Article Attributes

Radiographic features

Plain filmradiograph

MRI

History and etymology

See also