Inferior vena cava (IVC) aneurysms are a very rare cause of haemorrhage and thromboembolic complications.
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Epidemiology
IVC aneurysms are rare, with only <100 reported cases (c. 2021) 1,2.
Clinical presentation
Patients can be symptomatic (more common) or asymptomatic 2. When symptomatic patients present with abdominal/back pain, lower limb swelling, and/or dyspnoea 2.
Complications
Patients can present with complications of IVC aneurysms, which commonly include 1,2:
rupture leading to retroperitoneal haemorrhage
Pathology
The aetiology of IVC aneurysms is unknown, although possible causes include congenital anomaly, trauma, inflammation, and chronic venous hypertension (e.g. from arteriovenous shunting) 2.
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