Palmer classification of TFCC abnormalities
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Palmer classification for triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) abnormalities is based on the cause, location and degree of injury 1:
Class 1 - traumatic injury
- a: central perforation of the triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) disc proper
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b: ulnar avulsion with or without distal ulnar fracture
- may involve the proximal or distal lamina (foveal and styloid attachment, respectively), or both
- c: distal avulsion of the TFCC involving ulnotriquetral and ulnolunate ligaments
- d: radial avulsion of the TFC disc proper +/- sigmoid notch fracture
Class 2 - degenerative injury (ulnocarpal abutment syndrome)
- a: TFCC wear with thinning/fraying without perforation
- b: TFCC wear in 2a with lunate, triquetral and/or ulnar chondromalacia
- c: TFCC perforation +/- 2b chondromalacia
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d:
lunotriquetrallunotriquetral ligament perforation +/ features of 2a, 2b and/or 2c - e: any or all of above with ulnocarpal arthritis
See also
-<strong>d:</strong> lunotriquetral ligament perforation +/ features of 2a, 2b and/or 2c</li>- +<strong>d:</strong> <a title="Lunotriquetral ligament" href="/articles/lunotriquetral-ligament">lunotriquetral ligament</a> perforation +/ features of 2a, 2b and/or 2c</li>