Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder staging uses the TNM system which has replaced the previously widely used Jewett-Strong-Marshall tumour staging system. It is very similar to the staging of TCC of the renal pelvis and staging of TCC of the ureter.
TNM staging (8th edition)
T
Ta: non-invasive papillary tumour
Tis: in situ (non-invasive flat)
T1: through lamina propria into sub-epithelial connective tissues
-
T2: into muscularis propria
T2a: only invades inner half of the muscle
T2b: invades into outer half of the muscle
-
T3: invasion into perivesical tissues
T3a: microscopic extravesical invasion
T3b: macroscopic extravesical invasion
-
T4: direct invasion into adjacent structures
T4a: prostate, seminal vesicles, uterus, vaginal vault
T4b: pelvic side wall and/or abdominal wall
N
N0: no nodal involvement
N1: single node in the true pelvis (hypogastric, obturator, external iliac or presacral nodes)
N2: multiple nodes in the true pelvis
N3: metastasis in a common iliac node
M
M0: no metastases
M1a: non-regional lymph node involvement
M1b: other distant metastasis
Staging groups
Individual TNM stages can then be grouped 3,4:
stage 0: Ta or Tis, N0, M0
stage I: T1, N0, M0
stage II: T2 (a or b), N0, M0
stage III: T3 (a or b) or T4a, N0, M0
-
stage IV
T4b, any N, any M
Any T, N1-3, any M
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.