Umbilical hernia
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Umbilical hernias are the most common ventral hernia and occur in the midline.
Epidemiology
Ten times more common in females2 and represent~5% of allabdominal hernias 4.
Clinical presentation
Umbilical hernias present in the midline as painless or painful mass.
Pathology
Umbilical hernias may be congenital or acquired 1,2:
-
congenital: physiological herniation through the umbilicus occurs
duringduring the 10th week of gestation and congenital umbilical hernias occur when there is incomplete closure of the anterior abdominal wall after the gut returns to the abdominal cavity -
acquired: more common in adults
- risk factors: obesity, multiparity, ascites, large intra-abdominal mass
Umbilical hernias commonly contain contain fat, mesentery or small and/or large bowel bowel.
Treatment and prognosis
There is a high rate of strangulation and incarceration of bowel and Richter hernias hernias are common. Bowel obstruction is common and can be also be complicated by bowel ischaemia.
Differential diagnosis
See also
-<p><strong>Umbilical hernias</strong> are the most common ventral hernia and occur in the midline.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Ten times more common in females <sup>2</sup> and represent ~5% of all <a href="/articles/abdominal-hernia">abdominal hernias</a> <sup>4</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Umbilical hernias present in the midline as painless or painful mass. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Umbilical hernias may be congenital or acquired <sup>1,2</sup>:</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Umbilical hernias</strong> are the most common ventral hernia and occur in the midline.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Ten times more common in females <sup>2</sup> and represent ~5% of all <a href="/articles/abdominal-hernia">abdominal hernias</a> <sup>4</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Umbilical hernias present in the midline as painless or painful mass. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Umbilical hernias may be congenital or acquired <sup>1,2</sup>:</p><ul>
-<strong>congenital:</strong> physiological herniation through the umbilicus occurs during the 10th week of gestation and congenital umbilical hernias occur when there is incomplete closure of the anterior abdominal wall after the gut returns to the abdominal cavity</li>- +<strong>congenital:</strong> physiological herniation through the umbilicus occurs during the 10th week of gestation and congenital umbilical hernias occur when there is incomplete closure of the anterior abdominal wall after the gut returns to the abdominal cavity</li>
-</ul><p>Umbilical hernias commonly contain fat, mesentery or small and/or large bowel. </p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>There is a high rate of strangulation and incarceration of bowel and <a href="/articles/richter-hernia-1">Richter hernias</a> are common. <a href="/articles/bowel-obstruction">Bowel obstruction</a> is common and can be also be complicated by <a href="/articles/intestinal-ischaemia">bowel ischaemia</a>. </p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><ul>- +</ul><p>Umbilical hernias commonly contain fat, mesentery or small and/or large bowel. </p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>There is a high rate of strangulation and incarceration of bowel and <a href="/articles/richter-hernia-1">Richter hernias</a> are common. <a href="/articles/bowel-obstruction">Bowel obstruction</a> is common and can be also be complicated by <a href="/articles/intestinal-ischaemia">bowel ischaemia</a>. </p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><ul>
Images Changes:
Image 4 CT (C+ portal venous phase) ( create )
