Tracheal laceration - blunt trauma

Discussion:

Tracheobronchial tears/lacerations are rarely found in blunt traumas and when occurring, it predominantly happens in the intrathoracic trachea or mainstem bronchi 1,2

Three different mechanisms have been proposed to justify the intrathoracic tracheal tears 1:

  • sudden and vigorous anteroposterior thoracic compression: believed to pull the lungs apart from the carina as a consequence of the increase in the thoracic transverse diameter
  • shearing forces related to rapid deceleration, considering that the carina is relatively fixed 
  • squeezing of the chest while the glottis is closed leading to a sudden rise in the airways internal pressure leading to rupture at the tracheal membranous portion 
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