Annotated image
Image 1
Image 2
Image 3
Image 4
Image 5
Image 1: There is a meniscus-shaped filling defect (purple) in the axillary vein, through which a Bentson guide (green arrow) has been passed. Prominent venous collaterals (blue) are seen upstream from the venous occlusion, indicative that there is hemodynamically significant obstruction. The ring (orange) of a Penumbra® 8 Fr catheter and an untied tourniquet (teal) are seen.
Image 2: Thromboaspiration is being done with a Penumbra® 8 Fr catheter (orange). Residual thrombus (purple) is seen in the right axillary vein.
Image 3: A bit of residual thrombus (purple) is seen in the axillary-subclavian vein. There is a fixed stenosis (blue) of the subclavian vein at its passage between the clavicle (organge) and the anterior surface of the 1st rib (hard to see on this image).
Image 4: Venous angioplasty is being done with a Mustang™ 10 mm x 4 cm balloon as the site of stenosis.
Image 5: Post-treatment injection shows almost complete recanalization of the axillary vein (blue). There is a bit of residual thrombosis and stenosis (orange) in the subclavian vein (purple). However, there are no more prominent venous collaterals, indicating that there is no longer hemodynamically significant obstruction to flow.