Diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis is a benign and extremely rare condition. The etiology remains incompletely understood. The uterus is the seat of innumerable small leiomyomas that produce a symmetrical enlargement of the uterus, replacing most of the uterine parenchyma.

These nodules blend with one another and almost replace the uterine parenchyma completely. Unfortunately, hysterectomy - regardless of the patient’s reproductive age - remains the only curative treatment. Uterine artery embolization might be an alternative option to preserve patient reproductive status.

Case courtesy of Dr. Ahmed Abd El-Karim, MD. Lecturer of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cairo University Hospitals.