Uremic encephalopathy is an acquired toxic syndrome related to renal dysfunction. Disturbances in blood brain barrier results in alterations in water transport and brain edema. Subcortical grey and white matter, thalami and midbrain are particularly vulnerable.

Patient's renal parameters reveal elevated serum creatinine levels of 82micro mol/L amounting to stage 1 acute kidney injury.

CSF examination, blood culture, serology, liver function tests, blood sugars and electrolytes were normal.

Urine examination for toxins screen was also negative.

The patient received dialysis with symptomatic improvement.