CT
What are other names for ovarian teratoma?
Dermoid tumor, dermoid cyst, mature cystic teratoma
What are some complications of ovarian teratoma?
Ovarian torsion; Rupture, causing chemical peritonitis and severe adhesions; Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis; Malignancy (rare)
What are some ways to differentiate mature teratomas from immature teratomas on CT?
Cysts in mature cystic teratomas predominantly contain fatty sebaceous fluid, whereas cysts in immature teratomas usually demonstrate densities similar to simple fluid. Calcifications in mature cystic teratomas are typically coarse or tooth-like and located in mural nodule or cyst wall, whereas calcifications in immature teratomas are small, irregularly shaped, and scattered throughout the lesion.
CT of the abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast shows a heterogeneous right adnexal mass, containing fat, layering sebaceous fluid, and peripheral bone/tooth density. There is a fat-containing nodule protruding at the fat-fluid interface of the cystic mass; this has been previously described as the floating ball sign or Poké Ball sign (pareidolia). The peripheral tooth density may be within a mural nodule which is consistent with a Rokitansky nodule / dermoid plug. The findings are compatible with a mature cystic ovarian teratoma.
There is no free fluid.
An IVC filter is present.