Anconeus epitrochlearis muscle
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View Daniel J Bell's current disclosures- Anconeus epitrochlearis muscle
- Accessory anconeus muscle
- Accessory anconeus epitrochlearis muscle
- Epitrochleoanconeus muscle
The anconeus epitrochlearis muscle is an accessory muscle of the upper limb at the medial aspect of the elbow. It is also known as the accessory anconeus muscle or epitrochleoanconeus muscle and should not be confused with the anconeus muscle which is present at the lateral aspect of the elbow.
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Epidemiology
The muscle may be unilateral but has been found to be bilateral in one of four patients with cubital tunnel syndrome 2. It is present in ~15% (range 3-28%) of the population 3.
Clinical presentation
It can be asymptomatic or symptomatic when there is compression of the ulnar nerve within the cubital tunnel, leading to ulnar neuritis.
Gross anatomy
Origin
- medial epicondyle (inferior surface)
Insertion
- olecranon (medial cortex)
The anconeus epitrochlearis muscle contributes to the roof of the cubital tunnel when present, running superficial to the ulnar nerve in the posteromedial aspect of the elbow.
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Radiographic features
Ultrasound
Thin hypoechoic mass superficial to the ulnar nerve. May also demonstrate underlying ulnar nerve changes (thickening and edema) suggestive of cubital tunnel syndrome 4.
MRI
Axial MR images may demonstrate a mass superficial to the cubital tunnel, where there should normally only be fat.
References
- 1. Stoller DW. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, 3e. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. (2007) ISBN:0781773571. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Sookur PA, Naraghi AM, Bleakney RR et-al. Accessory muscles: anatomy, symptoms, and radiologic evaluation. Radiographics. 2008;28 (2): 481-99. Radiographics (full text) - doi:10.1148/rg.282075064 - Pubmed citation
- 3. Stein JM, Cook TS, Simonson S et-al. Normal and variant anatomy of the elbow on magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2011;19 (3): 609-19. doi:10.1016/j.mric.2011.05.002 - Pubmed citation
- 4. Okamoto M, Abe M, Shirai H, Ueda N. Diagnostic ultrasonography of the ulnar nerve in cubital tunnel syndrome. (2000) Journal of hand surgery (Edinburgh, Scotland). 25 (5): 499-502. doi:10.1054/jhsb.1999.0350 - Pubmed
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