Hepatic and splenic tuberculosis
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Hepatic and splenic tuberculosis refers to tuberculosis affecting the liver and the spleen. It generally occurs due to haematogenous spread from the primary site of infection, commonly from pulmonary tuberculosis.
Pathology
Two types of lesions are known:
- micronodular (common)
- macronodular (rare)
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
Nonspecific features are usually seen, including hepatosplenomegaly and abscesses 3.
There may be small hypoechoic nodules (miliary type) or a larger hypoechoic mass-like areaareas 2,3.
CT
- micronodular (miliary) type3
- multiple
- small low attenuation areas with central enhancement (acute stage)
- calcification (chronic stage)
- macronodular type3
- single or large tumour-like mass
- diffuse hepatosplenomegaly
Differential diagnosis
-
for micronodular typelymphomafungal infectionmetastasessarcoidosis
-
for macronodular typeabscessmetastasesprimary malignancy
See also
- T1: lesions usually have iso signal compared to the background parenchyma
-
gastrointestinal tuberculosis - C+ (Gd): variable, reflecting the phases of the disease
-
for micronodular type
- lymphoma
- fungal infection
- metastases
- sarcoidosis
- for macronodular type
MRI
Differential diagnosis
-<p><strong>Hepatic and splenic tuberculosis </strong>refers to <a href="/articles/tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> affecting <a href="/articles/liver">liver</a> and <a href="/articles/spleen-1">spleen</a>. It generally occurs due to spread from the primary site of infection, commonly from <a href="/articles/tuberculosis-pulmonary-manifestations-1">pulmonary tuberculosis</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Two types of lesions are known:</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Hepatic and splenic tuberculosis </strong>refers to <a href="/articles/tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> affecting the <a href="/articles/liver">liver</a> and the <a href="/articles/spleen-1">spleen</a>. It generally occurs due to haematogenous spread from the primary site of infection, commonly from <a href="/articles/tuberculosis-pulmonary-manifestations-1">pulmonary tuberculosis</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Two types of lesions are known:</p><ul>
-</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Ultrasound</h5><p>Nonspecific features are usually seen. There may be small hypoechoic nodules (miliary type) or a larger hypoechoic mass-like area <sup>2</sup>.</p><h5>CT</h5><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>- +</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Ultrasound</h5><p>Nonspecific features are usually seen, including hepatosplenomegaly and abscesses <sup>3</sup>.</p><p>There may be small hypoechoic nodules (miliary type) or larger hypoechoic mass-like areas <sup>2,3</sup>.</p><h5>CT</h5><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
-<li>micronodular type<ul>-<li>low attenuation areas with central enhancement (acute stage)</li>- +<li>micronodular (miliary) type <sup>3</sup><ul>
- +<li>multiple</li>
- +<li>small low attenuation areas with central enhancement (acute stage)</li>
-<li>macronodular type<ul>- +<li>macronodular type <sup>3</sup><ul>
-</ul><p><strong>Differential diagnosis</strong></p><ul>- +</ul><h5>MRI</h5><ul>
- +<li>
- +<strong>T1: </strong>lesions usually have iso signal compared to the background parenchyma</li>
- +<li>
- +<strong>T2: </strong>mixed signal with hyperintense areas</li>
- +<li>
- +<strong>C+ (Gd): </strong> variable, reflecting the phases of the disease</li>
- +</ul><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><ul>
-<li>lymphoma</li>- +<li><a href="/articles/splenic-lymphoma">lymphoma</a></li>
-<li>metastases</li>- +<li><a href="/articles/splenic-metastases">metastases</a></li>
-<li>abscess</li>- +<li><a href="/articles/splenic-abscess">abscess</a></li>
-<li>primary malignancy</li>- +<li><a href="/articles/splenic-lesions-and-anomalies">primary malignancy</a></li>
-</ul><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/gastrointestinal-tuberculosis">gastrointestinal tuberculosis</a></li></ul><p><!--EndFragment--></p>- +</ul><p><!--EndFragment--></p>
References changed:
- 3. Lee HJ, Kim JW, Hong JH, Kim GS, Shin SS, Heo SH, Lim HS, Hur YH, Seon HJ, Jeong YY. Cross-sectional Imaging of Splenic Lesions: RadioGraphics Fundamentals | Online Presentation. (2018) Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 38 (2): 435-436. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2018170119">doi:10.1148/rg.2018170119</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29528823">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>