Prevalence
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
At the time the article was created Candace Makeda Moore had no recorded disclosures.
View Candace Makeda Moore's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Frank Gaillard had the following disclosures:
- Biogen Australia Pty Ltd, Investigator-Initiated Research Grant for CAD software in multiple sclerosis: finished Oct 2021 (past)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Frank Gaillard's current disclosures- Prevalences
- Point prevalence
- Period prevalence
- Lifetime prevalence
Prevalence is an epidemiological term referring to the proportion that reflects the total disease/condition burden in a population at a specific time and should not be confused with incidence.
There are different kinds of prevalence:
point prevalence is the amount of disease at one point in time
period prevalence is prevalence over a specific period of time
lifetime prevalence relates to events over the entire lifetime of people in a population
Underlying many statistical methods, including the application of Bayes theorem to clinical practice, is the assumption that changes in prevalence do not alter the sensitivity or specificity of a test. In practice, however, this does not seem to always hold true 2.
Quiz questions
References
- 1. Coggon, D., Rose, G. A., & Barker, D. J. P. (2003). Epidemiology for the uninitiated. London: BMJ Books. https://www.bmj.com/about-bmj/resources-readers/publications/epidemiology-uninitiated
- 2. Leeflang M, Rutjes A, Reitsma J, Hooft L, Bossuyt P. Variation of a Test's Sensitivity and Specificity with Disease Prevalence. CMAJ. 2013;185(11):E537-44. doi:10.1503/cmaj.121286 - Pubmed
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