Upper lobe fibrocavitary pattern of mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease is morphological from pulmonary mycobacterium avium complex infection although it is worthwhile understanding that there can be a spectrum of the disease with mixed forms.
This form had been initially the traditionally recognized presentation of lung disease from mycobacterium avium complex infection.
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Epidemiology
It is reported to usually occur in men with a history of cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol use, and underlying lung disease. Presentation is usually in the late 40s and early 50s (although there can be considerable variation).
Radiographic features
Typically presents as apical fibro-cavitary lung disease with large cavities primarily located in the upper lobe.
Treatment and prognosis
If untreated, this form has been described to be progressive within relatively short time periods (e.g. 1 to 2 years) eventually causing extensive cavitary lung destruction and potentially leading to respiratory failure 1. Large cavity size and consolidation on CT have been shown to have strong relationships with disease progression on some studies 4. Some studies also suggest that cavity changes could serve as a proxy indicator for treatment response 5.
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